In this study,investigators sought to identify new transition factors in the initial evaluation of cases requiring conversion to surgery for duodenal ulcer perforation.

This was a retrospective study performed at investigators' hospital between January 2012 and July 2023 with upper gastrointestinal perforation. 27 patients, who underwent conservative management for the duodenal ulcer perforation, were extracted. Investigators researched the transition rate to surgery and the following factors: 1. Patient background, 2. Time from onset to hospital visit, 3. Vital signs and inflammatory findings on arrival, 4. CT findings of duodenal ulcer perforation and degree / shape of liver coverage for the perforation, and the extent of ascites.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients of upper gastrointestinal perforation

Exclusion Criteria:

• DNR patients

This was a retrospective study performed at our hospital between January 2012 and July 2023 with upper gastrointestinal perforation, and included 74 patients admitted to our hospital.

Imaging findings etc of study patients will be provided in an anonymous form.

almost 1 year