The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the long-term effects of isokinetic rehabilitation training in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The main question it aims to answer is:

• Does isokinetic training at fixed angular velocity improve muscle strength and functional recovery in SMA patients?

Participants will:

• Perform isokinetic training using a portable device with a fixed angular velocity.
• Undergo long-term rehabilitation sessions, with assessments of muscle strength and overall functional improvement over the training period.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age range: 6-12 years old.
2. Diagnosed with Type II Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Participants with severe comorbidities, implanted medical devices preventing MRI or claustrophobia were excluded from the study.
2. Refusal to provide informed consent or inability to complete the entire study protocol, among other factors;
3. Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥95 mmHg) or congestive heart failure classified as New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV;
4. Cognitively impaired or unable to comprehend the requirements of study participation.

7 Children with SMA, 6 Healthy Children as comparison