Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) is a neuromodulation that involves the implantation of a device that delivers electrical impulses to the spinal cord through an electrode placed in the epidural space. The stimulation alters pain signals before they reach the brain, effectively masking or reducing the sensation of pain.

Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) is a neuromodulation technique used to treat chronic pain. The procedure starts with a preoperative assessment, including imaging to identify the target peripheral nerve. Under local anesthesia, a thin, insulated electrode is implanted near the nerve, usually with the help of fluoroscopic or ultrasound guidance for precision.

Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation (DRGS) is a targeted neuromodulation technique for managing chronic pain. The procedure begins with a thorough preoperative assessment, including imaging to locate the specific dorsal root ganglion (DRG) associated with the pain. Under local anesthesia, a small electrode is implanted near the DRG. This is done through a minimally invasive procedure, often guided by fluoroscopy or CT imaging to ensure precise placement.

The questionnaire is intended for completion by a physician and combines a pain distribution diagram with a visual analog scale (VAS) and a section focused on identifying spontaneous and triggered neuropathic pain symptoms. It also assesses the nature of pain using the diagram, categorizing it as constant, episodic, or constant with episodes, among others. The questionnaire comprehensively reflects all possible pain parameters, allowing for clear tracking of pain dynamics over time. Its diagnostic accuracy is 83%.

The DN4 (Douleur Neuropathique 4) questionnaire is a diagnostic tool designed to identify neuropathic pain, caused by nerve damage. It includes 10 items divided into two sections. The first part consists of seven questions that assess the patient's pain symptoms, such as burning, tingling, electric shocks, or numbness. The second part involves a clinical examination where the physician tests for reduced sensitivity to touch and pinprick, as well as pain response to light brushing. Each item is scored with 1 point for "Yes" and 0 for "No." A total score of 4 or higher indicates a high probability of neuropathic pain.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used screening tool designed to assess anxiety and depression levels in patients in non-psychiatric hospital settings. It consists of 14 items, divided into two subscales: seven questions assess anxiety (HADS-A) and seven assess depression (HADS-D). The items focus on emotional and cognitive symptoms rather than physical symptoms, making it suitable for patients with medical conditions. Each item is scored on a scale of 0 to 3, with total scores for each subscale ranging from 0 to 21. A score of 8 or more on either subscale suggests the presence of anxiety or depression. The HADS is valued for its simplicity and reliability in clinical and research settings.

In this experiment, the goal is to determine the minimum stimulation amplitude that elicits a sensory response. Participants are shown the numbers 1 and 2 on a screen, with stimulation activated simultaneously upon the appearance of one of the numbers. Their task is to identify when the stimulation occurred and input their answer on a keyboard. An expanded version of the experiment may provide stimulation during both moments, requiring participants to determine which moment had a higher stimulation level. The results will yield a psychophysical curve that illustrates the relationship between response accuracy and stimulation amplitude, as well as the participants' ability to differentiate stimulation parameters. It is anticipated that over time, the sensory threshold will shift, leading to increased accuracy in parameter identification.

The Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) is a standardized assessment tool designed to evaluate the functional and psychosocial outcomes of individuals using prosthetic devices. Comprising various domains, the PEQ addresses aspects such as mobility, activity level, and quality of life, allowing users to report their experiences and satisfaction with their prosthesis. The questionnaire includes specific items that gauge the user's perception of their prosthetic limb's comfort, functionality, and impact on daily activities. By providing a comprehensive view of the user's experience, the PEQ helps healthcare professionals identify areas for improvement in prosthetic design and rehabilitation strategies. The results from the PEQ can inform clinical decisions and enhance personalized care, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes and satisfaction.