Effects of High Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Therapy With Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Urine Leakage and Quality of Life in Primipara or Multipara Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence

Effects of High Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Therapy With Pelvic Floor Muscle Training on Urine Leakage and Quality of Life in Primipara or Multipara Women With Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Pilot for Randomised Controlled Trial

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Therapy (HIFEM) combined with Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) versus PFMT alone on urine leakage and quality of life in primiparous and multiparous women with stress urinary incontinence. Women aged 30 years or older exhibiting symptoms of stress urinary incontinence were randomized into two treatment groups. The experimental group received both HIFEM and PFMT, while the control group received only PFMT. The treatment continued for 6 weeks. Evaluations measured at baseline and post-intervention included the 1-hour Pad Test, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF), and sonography to assess bladder neck movement.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Primipara or Multipara women aged 30 years or older with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence;

Exclusion Criteria:

• Those who had any contraindication for High-Intensity-Focused-Electromagnetic-Therapy (HIFEM);
• prior surgery for incontinence;
• taking drugs for bladder dysfunction or diuretics;
• hormone therapy;
• urgent or mixed urinary incontinence;
• incontinence associated with a neurologic condition;
• inability to perform voluntary pelvic floor muscle contractions;
• cognitive impairment or dementia, major neurological disorders (such as stroke, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis);
• inability to carry out the treatment or evaluation;
• uncontrolled hypertension.