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This study investigates the effectiveness of a specific electrotherapy treatment for individuals with chronic non-specific low back pain. The participants, who had low back pain for more than three months, were divided into two groups: a treatment group and a waitlist control group. The treatment group received electrotherapy using the StimaWELL 120MTRS system, which provided electrical stimulation and heat therapy to the entire spine over four weeks. The study assessed various outcomes, including pain levels, disability, and quality of life, before and after the intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| StimaWell | Experimental | Participants in the StimaWELL group had previously received electrotherapy treatment for the entire spine for 4 weeks, 2 days a week. Before the treatment, participants were informed about their medical condition and the planned treatment. The StimaWELL 120MTRS system (StimaWELL® 120MTRS; Schwa-medico, Wetzlarer Straße 41-43, 35630 Ehringshausen, Germany) was used for the treatment and a stimulation mat was used to apply electrical stimulation along the entire back. The 12 channels of the mat provided different current intensities to different areas and the system offered programs tailored to various therapeutic goals. |
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| Waitlist | No Intervention | Patients presenting to the clinic for treatment and waiting without intervention in the waitlist group after routine evaluation. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The StimaWELL 120MTRS system | Device | A standardized current (dynamic deep wave stimulation) was applied to all patients. Additionally, the mat, which reached a temperature of 40°C, provided heat therapy with electrical stimulation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Catastrophizing Scale | Participants' pain catastrophizing levels were measured using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). The total score of the PCS is 52, with higher scores indicating higher levels of catastrophizing behavior. | Before and after 4 weeks of treatment |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric Pain Scale | Pain intensity during activity, at rest and at night was assessed with the Numeric Pain Scale. It was graded with "0" representing "no pain" and "10" representing "the worst pain imaginable". | Before and after 4 weeks of treatment |
| Oswestry Disability Index |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Özlem Ülger, professor | Hacettepe University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hacettepe University | Ankara | 06230 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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Disability level was assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index. The scale consists of 10 items, each ranging from 0 to 5, with a total score of 100. Higher scores indicate higher levels of disability. |
| Before and after 4 weeks of treatment |
| Nottingham Health Profile | The Nottingham Health Profile was used to assess participants' health-related quality of life. The first part of the NHP contains 38 items covering six domains: pain, physical activity, emotional reactions, energy, social isolation and sleep. Each domain is scored from 0 to 100 and the total score is the sum of these domain scores. Only the first part of the NHP was used for this study | Before and after 4 weeks of treatment |