Adjunctive Use of Polynucleotide and Hyaluronic Acid-based Gel in Alveolar Preservation After Tooth Extraction

Clinical and Histological Effects of the Adjunctive Use of Polynucleotide and Hyaluronic Acid-based Gel in Alveolar Preservation After Tooth Extraction: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Alveolar ridge resorption after tooth extraction is a physiological process that continues throughout the patient's life due to the loss of the periodontal ligament and lack of mechanical stimulation. Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) techniques aim to minimize dimensional changes in the ridge after tooth extraction. These techniques involve grafting the socket to fill the bed and/or sealing it with a biomaterial. Currently, there is a polynucleotide and hyaluronic acid-based gel (Regenfast®) on the market that has proven useful in treating residual periodontal defects. Hyaluronic acid-based gels also appear to enhance the regenerative potential of critical bone defects in both in-vitro studies on rats and clinical studies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the clinical and histological effects of polynucleotide and hyaluronic acid-based gel in alveolar preservation procedures.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults (>18 years) who need the extraction of a single non-molar tooth in the mandible or maxilla.
• ASA I or II
• Intact post-extraction socket or with only one wall dehiscence (buccal or lingual) of no more than 50% of the socket.
• The treatment plan must include the replacement of the tooth to be extracted by placing an implant and an implant-supported prosthesis.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Mandibular incisors and molars.
• Acute infection associated with the tooth that needs to be extracted.
• Uncontrolled systemic disease.
• Pregnant patient.
• Patient under treatment with antiresorptives drugs (bisphosphonates or Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand (i.e., Denosumab)) or antiangiogenics.
• Smokers (>10 cigarettes a day).