Biomarkers in Dermal Interstitial Fluid for Early Diagnosis and Follow-up of Cardiovascular Diseases

Biomarkers in Dermal Interstitial Fluid for Early Diagnosis and Follow-up of Cardiovascular Diseases

Sampling of dISF and blood plasma for qualitative measurements.

Sampling of dISF will be performed to investigate biomarkers in dISF for early diagnosis and follow-up of cardiovascular diseases.

Inclusion criteria:

Group 1: Chronic heart failure with stable therapy. NYHA classification II, III and IV. Age > 60 years. Group 2: Age 18-40 years.

Exclusion criteria:

• Participating in another clinical investigation which may affect the study outcome according to clinical judgement.
• Previous use of sampling system used.
• Pregnancy or lactating.
• Any disease or condition that may be affected.
• Individuals who lack the ability to fully consent to participate in the study.
• Severe skin injury.
• Tattoo or piercing close to sampling area.
• Group 1: All forms of emergency care.
• Group 1: Non-stable therapy.
• Group 1: Sepsis.
• Group 1: BMI > 30kg/m2.
• Group 1: Age > 84 years.
• Group 2: Known heart or vascular disease.
• Group 2: Diabetes.
• Group 2: Kidney disease.