Primary or secondary (post-traumatic infections, notably related to bites, wounds, etc.) infections of the hand are very common situations, even if the epidemiology is poorly understood. For example, hand bite injuries represent 1.2 million referrals to the healthcare system per year in the United States. Their nosological framework extends from simple infections of the skin and soft tissues such as whitlows, to potentially severe deep damage such as arthritis and osteitis, or phlegmons of the tendon sheaths. The diagnostic approach is not consensual, and the contribution of additional biological parameters (inflammatory syndrome) and morphological investigations (x-rays, ultrasound, CT-scan or MRI) is not codified. Microbiology seems dominated by Staphylococcus aureus, but few studies have precisely described the microbial etiology. Consequently, probabilistic antibiotic therapy and the need to take bacteriological samples for secondary adaptation are not standardized. Likewise, surgical strategies (abstention, systematic washing or depending on evolution) remain operator dependent. We consequently aim to described diagnostic, management and related outcomes or hand infections in a specialized tertiary care center.

Inclusion Criteria:

• all patient ≥ 18
• yo followed-up for a hand infection in our tertiary care center
• from 01/01/2014 to 31/12/2023, including
• whitlows
• tendinous infections
• septic arthritis

Exclusion Criteria:

• osteomyelitis

Patients will be selected from the data base of the hand emergency surgery department of our tertiary care center, based on a principal or secondary diagnosis of BJI appearing alone or in combination with either sepsis or a specific surgical procedure - 1400 potential patients.