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The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of a wearable insulin pump on blood sugar levels during sleep. The study device works with continuous glucose monitors (CGM) to calculate and deliver rapid-acting insulin doses during sleep. The study device does not replace long-acting, correction, or mealtime insulin. The study will involve applying the study device before bed for a period of 13 weeks. The overall study length is approximately 17 weeks.
The study aims to evaluate whether the study device is safe and if it lowers blood sugar levels in people who have consistently high blood sugar during sleep and at wake.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overnight wear of study device | Experimental | Subjects will wear the study device during sleep in addition to their usual basal/bolus therapy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Episodic overnight patch pump | Device | Subjects will wear the study device overnight for a period of 13 weeks in conjunction with use of Dexcom G6. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Severe hypoglycemia events | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks | |
| Diabetic ketoacidosis events | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks | |
| Change in CGM-measured time in range (70-180 mg/dL) | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in CGM-measured percentage of time > 180 mg/dL | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks | |
| Change in CGM-measured percentage of time > 250 mg/dL | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria
5. If using a weight loss medication, must be on a stable dose for ≥ 30 days 6. Using insulin lispro or insulin aspart as bolus insulin or able to obtain for the duration of the study 7. Using CGM (real-time or intermittent scanning) for ≥ 3 months (with at least 50% use), and at least 85% use in the prior 14 days 8. Using Dexcom G6 or able to obtain for the duration of the study 9. Using an iPhone as part of daily life or able to obtain for the duration of the study 10. Recurrent nocturnal hyperglycemia, defined as ≥ 7 of the previous 14 days with a nighttime glucose value > 180 mg/dL.
Nighttime is defined at the discretion of the investigator and is intended to be the time period from when the subject goes to bed to when they get up in the morning 11. Negative baseline pregnancy test. Females of childbearing potential, willing to use an adequate method of birth control for the duration of the study.
Adequate methods of birth control include hormonal contraceptives, intrauterine devices, or double barrier contraception, e.g., condom + diaphragm, condom or diaphragm + spermicidal gel, or foam.
Menopause is defined as one year without menses; if in question, a follicle stimulating hormone of >40 U/ml must be documented.
Hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, or bilateral tubal ligation must be documented as applicable.
12. Availability of a relative or acquaintance residing within 15 minutes of the subject and willing to be the subject's care partner throughout the study.
The care partner must be willing to be trained on how to use the Dexcom Follow app and administer glucagon.
The care partner must be willing to contact the subject upon a low or high alarm, provide aid to the subject, including glucagon administration, and/or contact emergency services.
13. Willing to share access to CGM data with the Sponsor through the Dexcom Clarity app 14. No medical, psychiatric, or other conditions, or medications being taken that in the Investigator's judgement would be a safety concern for participation in the study. This includes considering the potential impact of medical conditions known to be present including cardiovascular, liver, kidney disease, thyroid disease, adrenal disease, malignancies, vision difficulties, active proliferative retinopathy, and other medical conditions; psychiatric conditions including eating disorders; drug or alcohol abuse.
Exclusion Criteria
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jeremy H Pettus, MD | University of California, San Diego | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diablo Clinical Research | Walnut Creek | California | 94598 | United States | ||
| Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003922 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 |
| D007319 | Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| Change in CGM-measured percentage of time waking in range (70-180 mg/dL) | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Change in CGM-measured fasting glucose at the end of the sleep period | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score | Scale of 0 to 21 with higher scores being a worse outcome | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Change in HbA1c | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score | Scale of 0 to 24 with higher scores being a worse outcome | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Rate, severity, and device-relatedness of all adverse events | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Change in CGM-measured time < 70 mg/dL | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Change in CGM-measured time < 54 mg/dL | From device activation to the end of treatment at 13 weeks |
| Aurora |
| Colorado |
| 80045 |
| United States |
| International Diabetes Center | Minneapolis | Minnesota | 55416 | United States |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D020919 | Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic |
| D020920 | Dyssomnias |
| D012893 | Sleep Wake Disorders |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |