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The objective of this trial is to evaluate the effect of Bionix ShotBlocker on pain of injection of the first Hepatitis B vaccine in healthy newborns. ShotBlocker is a pain reducing tool used in babies, children, and adults for injections. Swaddling during the injection and administration of oral sucrose prior to the injection are established standards of care for painful procedures in neonates. The investigators hypothesize that the use of ShotBlocker in addition to swaddling and oral sucrose administration will lessen the pain response.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| ShotBlocker Administration | Experimental | The treatment group will employ the medical device of interest, ShotBlocker, bundled with the standard-of-care comfort measures of swaddling and sucrose during the administration of the Hepatitis B Immunization. A Masimo Rad-97 Oximeter probe will be applied to record a baseline and intervention physiologic response. There will be an Opt-In Video Recording option to assign a pain score (PIPP Scale) during the procedure by a blinded medical professional. |
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| Standard of Care Comfort Tools | Active Comparator | The control group will employ the standard-of-care comfort measures of swaddling and sucrose during the administration of the Hepatitis B Immunization. A Masimo Rad-97 Oximeter probe will be applied to record a baseline and intervention physiologic response. There will be an Opt-In Video Recording option to assign a pain score (PIPP Scale) during the procedure by a blinded medical professional. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bionix ShotBlocker | Device | This is a hospital-approved device used as standard-of-care in older children and adults to reduce pain during painful procedures. It is not considered established standard-of-care in the infant cohort. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Difference in the heart rate before, during, and after Hepatitis B vaccine injection between the control and intervention groups. | The primary outcome measure is the difference in the physiologic response before, during, and after the injection between the control and intervention groups as reflected as heart rate. Difference in heart rate will be evaluated through the measurements of heart rate recorded by a Masimo Rad-97 Oximeter. | up to 4 minutes |
| Difference in the blood oxygen saturation before, during, and after Hepatitis B vaccine injection between the control and intervention groups. | The primary outcome measure is the difference in the physiologic response before, during, and after the injection between the control and intervention groups as reflected by blood oxygen saturation. Difference in blood oxygen saturation will be evaluated through transcutaneous measurements recorded by a Masimo Rad-97 Oximeter. | up to 4 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Difference in pain score before, during, and after Hepatitis B vaccine injection between the control and intervention groups. | The secondary outcome measure is the difference in the pain score using the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) before, during, and after injection between the control and intervention groups. PIPP scores range from 0 to 15 and a lower score indicates a better outcome. For example, a PIPP score of 0 indicates no pain. There will be an Opt-In Video Recording option to assign a PIPP score before, during, and after vaccine administration. Infant response will be filmed during injection and evaluated by a blinded medical professional that did not participate in study procedures to assign a PIPP score. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madeline French, BS MBE | Contact | 5088870106 | madeline.french2@umassmed.edu | |
| Samia Binta Rahman, MBBS MPH | Contact | 6034179792 | samiabinta.rahman6@umassmed.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lauren Fortier, CPNP, MSN | Pediatric Nurse Practitioner for the Department of Pediatrics & PICU | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UMass Memorial Medical Center- Memorial Campus | Recruiting | Worcester | Massachusetts | 01605 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35538448 | Background | Talebi M, Amiri SRJ, Roshan PA, Zabihi A, Zahedpasha Y, Chehrazi M. The effect of concurrent use of swaddle and sucrose on the intensity of pain during venous blood sampling in neonate: a clinical trial study. BMC Pediatr. 2022 May 10;22(1):263. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03323-0. | |
| 28437308 | Background | Caglar S, Buyukyilmaz F, Cosansu G, Caglayan S. Effectiveness of ShotBlocker for Immunization Pain in Full-Term Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2017 Apr/Jun;31(2):166-171. doi: 10.1097/JPN.0000000000000256. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016602 | Needlestick Injuries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014951 | Wounds, Stab |
| D014950 | Wounds, Penetrating |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
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| Swaddling | Other | Standard of care swaddling |
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| Sucrose administration | Other | Standard of care sucrose administration |
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| Masimo Rad-97 Oximeter probe | Other | Oximeter probe |
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| up to 3 minutes |
| 19497458 | Background | Drago LA, Singh SB, Douglass-Bright A, Yiadom MY, Baumann BM. Efficacy of ShotBlocker in reducing pediatric pain associated with intramuscular injections. Am J Emerg Med. 2009 Jun;27(5):536-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2008.04.011. |
| Background | Susilawati, Susilawati, Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih, Bagus Ngurah Putu Arhana and Ida Bagus Subanada. "Effectiveness of PainAway® on hepatitis B intramuscular injection in term neonates: a randomized controlled trial." Paediatrica Indonesiana 50 (2010): 214. doi:10.14238/PI50.4.2010.214-9 |
| 31653304 | Background | McNair C, Campbell-Yeo M, Johnston C, Taddio A. Nonpharmacologic Management of Pain During Common Needle Puncture Procedures in Infants: Current Research Evidence and Practical Considerations: An Update. Clin Perinatol. 2019 Dec;46(4):709-730. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2019.08.006. Epub 2019 Aug 26. |