Neoadjuvant immunotherapy can significantly improve the pathological complete response (pCR) and major pathological response (MPR) rates in resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and extend the event-free survival (EFS). However, the current means for evaluating its efficacy are limited. This study aims to utilize the convenient and non-invasive 68Ga-grazytracer PET imaging to detect the aggregation of CD8+ T cells in target lesions after neoadjuvant immunotherapy for stage III NSCLC, and to assess its value in efficacy monitoring, providing valuable information for clinical treatment decisions.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with stage III NSCLC, after assessment according to clinical guidelines, require neoadjuvant immunotherapy;
2. Fully-informed written consent obtained from patients;
3. Patient ability to comply with protocol requirements;
4. Age 18-75 years;
5. Life expectancy of at least 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with serious diseases that the investigator deems unsuitable for participation in the clinical study. Such as severe cardiopulmonary insufficiency, severe bone marrow suppression, severe hepatic or renal insufficiency, etc;
2. Intestinal perforation, complete intestinal obstruction;
3. Patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or a fasting blood glucose value of ≥11 mmol/L on the day of the test;
4. Pregnant women and women who are potentially pregnant, as well as nursing mothers;
5. Patients with poor compliance.

The patients are enrolled from Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine in China.