This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family proteins and placenta previa using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data will be analyzed to assess the correlation and potential causality between VEGF protein levels and the occurrence of placenta previa.

Placenta previa is a serious complication during pregnancy, leading to significant risks for both the mother and the fetus. This study utilizes Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the potential causal link between plasma levels of VEGF family proteins (including VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFD, and PLGF) and the risk of placenta previa. By using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the UK Biobank and FinnGen datasets, the study aims to provide insights into the role of angiogenesis and abnormal placental development. The MR analysis will help minimize confounding factors and provide robust evidence regarding the causal relationship between VEGF proteins and placenta previa.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants included in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with available data on plasma VEGF family proteins and placenta previa.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants with incomplete or missing data on plasma VEGF levels or placenta previa.

This study analyzes data from European populations included in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from UK Biobank and FinnGen, focusing on individuals with available plasma VEGF family protein levels and placenta previa data.