A biliary-enteric anastomosis can be needed for a number of indications, including malignant or pre-malignant biliary diseases, benign biliary stenosis, bile duct injury, and complex choledocholithiasis. Choledochoduodenostomy is the most simple form of biliary-digestive anastomosis, with only minimal alteration to the normal anatomy. Due to the reported specific complications of choledochoduodenostomy, such as sump syndrome and gastritis caused by biliary reflux, creation of a HJ was preferred in the past decades . A Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) does not cause sump syndrome and only rarely reflux gastritis, but the procedure is more extensive, requiring an additional jejuno-jejunostomy .Especially for patients with extensive intra-abdominal adhesions or with a history of small bowel resections, the creation of a Roux-en-Y limb might pose a problem. Some recent publications have concluded that CD leads to acceptable surgical outcome, with low reported incidences of sump syndrome and reflux gastritis. However, these studies do not make a direct comparison between CD and HJ. Especially comparisons of long-term outcomes between CD and HJ are lacking.

There are 2 options are available: Choledochoduodonostomy or Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy. Both can be accomplished via a laparoscopic approach; however, thereis no consensus to which is best due to a paucity of data comparing the techniques.

Choice of operation is largely left up to the individual surgeon. Athough performed infrequently for benign biliary disease, biliary bypass operations are fundamental for any surgeon and are considered a core operation by the American College of Surgeons for any general surgery resident. In our study we are going to describe in detail our technique and outcomes when used for choledocholethiasis.

Inclusion Criteria:

residual stones. recurrent stones, failed ERCP due to imacted large stone, Multiple CBD calculi with distal narrowing (Funnel syndrome), Papillary stenosis; impacted calculi, Biliary sludge-symptomatic, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction/stenosis, Primary CBD stones; previous choledochotomy and Marked CBD dilatation.

Exclusion Criteria:

surgically unfit patients, malignancy, infections e.g, cholangitis and coagulation disorders.