The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether intravenous (IV) lidocaine reduces the incidence of perioperative respiratory complications (PRCs) in children with upper respiratory tract infections undergoing general anesthesia. The study will also evaluate the safety of IV lidocaine in this population. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. Does IV lidocaine lower the incidence of perioperative respiratory complications (e.g., laryngospasm, cough, desaturation) compared to a placebo?
2. What are the side effects associated with the administration of IV lidocaine in these children? Researchers will compare IV lidocaine to a placebo to assess its effectiveness in reducing PRCs.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 1 to 14 years.
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Classification I, II, or III.
• Scheduled or urgent surgery or radiological exploration under general anesthesia.
• Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms present for less than 15 days.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Refusal of participation by parents.
• Children on long-term corticosteroid or bronchodilator therapy.
• Contraindications to the use of lidocaine or other drugs used in the protocol.
• Patients who did not adhere to the study protocol.