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This is a single center, retrospective, propensity score matching cohort study that explores the efficacy and safety of high flow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension, stratified by the severity of right ventricular dysfunction.
The study will compare two groups: high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV).
Main objective: heart function parameters (e.g. TAPSE and RVSP) Secondary objectives: respiratory support success rate (defined as the avoidance of endotracheal introduction or death duration hospitalization), respiratory support duration, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, length of hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality.
This study addresses whether NIV or HFNC should be prioritized for the treatment of acute respiratory failure associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with severe right ventricular dysfunction who require high flow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation.
This study is of great significance as it is based on a patient stratification method of right ventricular dysfunction severity to evaluate the effectiveness of HFNC treatment and NIV in PH related ARF patients.
Study Title: Efficiency and Safety of High Flow Nassal Cannula Versus Noninvasive Ventilation for Pulsary Arterial Hypertension Associated Acute Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study Stratified by Right Ventricular Dysfunction Severity Background: Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) typically have high morbidity and mortality when they develop acute respiratory failure (ARF) The best method of respiratory support considering the severity of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is still uncertain.
Main objective: heart function parameters (e.g. TAPSE and RVSP) Secondary objectives: respiratory support success rate (defined as the avoidance of endotracheal introduction or death duration hospitalization), respiratory support duration, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, length of hospital stay, and in-hospital mortality.
Research Design: This is a single center, retrospective, propensity score matching cohort study.
The study will compare two groups: high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV).
Significance: This study aims to address whether NIV or HFNC should be prioritized for the treatment of acute respiratory failure associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with severe right ventricular dysfunction who require high flow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation.
Innovation: A patient stratification method based on the severity of right ventricular dysfunction to evaluate the effectiveness of HFNC treatment and NIV in PH related ARF patients.
Expected outcome: HFNC treatment is equally effective as NIV in treating mild to moderate right ventricular dysfunction; NIV may be more beneficial for critically ill patients. Assist PH patients with ARF in choosing between HFNC treatment and NIV.
Conclusion: Our study provides new insights into the comparative performance of HFNC therapy and NIV in patients with PH combined with ARF.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| HFNC treatment | HFNC therapy. The initial flow rate of 50-60 L/min was subsequently adjusted to maintain an oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≥92%. The FiO2 was titrated to maintain the PaO2 between 60 and 80 mmHg. |
| |
| NIV treatment | A Mindray SV300 ventilator (Mindray Medical International Limited, Shenzhen, China) was used to deliver NIV via an oronasal mask. The initial inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) was 12-15 cmH2O and adjusted later to achieve a tidal volume of 6-8 mL/kg of predicted body weight and a respiratory rate of <30 breaths/min. The expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) was established at 5-8 cmH2O. Additional-ly, FiO2 was titrated to maintain a PaO2 between 60 and 80 mmHg. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HFNC treatment | Device | HFNC treatment HFNC therapy. The initial flow rate of 50-60 L/min was subsequently adjusted to maintain an oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≥92%. The FiO2 was titrated to maintain the PaO2 between 60 and 80 mmHg. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| heart function parameters | (e.g., TAPSE and RVSP) from baseline to 24 h after respiratory support initiation. | From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| respiratory support success rate | defined as the avoidance of endotracheal intubation or death during hospitalization | From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The First People's Hospital of Neijiang City | Neijiang | Sichuan | 641000 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26975810 | Background | Hoeper MM, Humbert M, Souza R, Idrees M, Kawut SM, Sliwa-Hahnle K, Jing ZC, Gibbs JS. A global view of pulmonary hypertension. Lancet Respir Med. 2016 Apr;4(4):306-22. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00543-3. Epub 2016 Mar 12. | |
| 21310884 | Background | Campo A, Mathai SC, Le Pavec J, Zaiman AL, Hummers LK, Boyce D, Housten T, Lechtzin N, Chami H, Girgis RE, Hassoun PM. Outcomes of hospitalisation for right heart failure in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2011 Aug;38(2):359-67. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00148310. Epub 2011 Feb 10. |
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| NIV treatment | Device | NIV treatment A Mindray SV300 ventilator (Mindray Medical International Limited, Shenzhen, China) was used to deliver NIV via an oronasal mask. The initial inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) was 12-15 cmH2O and adjusted later to achieve a tidal volume of 6-8 mL/kg of predicted body weight and a respiratory rate of &lt;30 breaths/min. The expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) was established at 5-8 cmH2O. Additional-ly, FiO2 was titrated to maintain a PaO2 between 60 and 80 mmHg. |
|
| 19897557 | Background | Sztrymf B, Souza R, Bertoletti L, Jais X, Sitbon O, Price LC, Simonneau G, Humbert M. Prognostic factors of acute heart failure in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2010 Jun;35(6):1286-93. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00070209. Epub 2009 Nov 6. |
| 19006024 | Background | Kurzyna M, Zylkowska J, Fijalkowska A, Florczyk M, Wieteska M, Kacprzak A, Burakowski J, Szturmowicz M, Wawrzynska L, Torbicki A. Characteristics and prognosis of patients with decompensated right ventricular failure during the course of pulmonary hypertension. Kardiol Pol. 2008 Oct;66(10):1033-9; discussion 1040-1. |
| 15249496 | Background | Atwood CW Jr, McCrory D, Garcia JG, Abman SH, Ahearn GS; American College of Chest Physicians. Pulmonary artery hypertension and sleep-disordered breathing: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest. 2004 Jul;126(1 Suppl):72S-77S. doi: 10.1378/chest.126.1_suppl.72S. |
| 27016353 | Background | Nishimura M. High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy in Adults: Physiological Benefits, Indication, Clinical Benefits, and Adverse Effects. Respir Care. 2016 Apr;61(4):529-41. doi: 10.4187/respcare.04577. |
| 33201321 | Background | Rochwerg B, Einav S, Chaudhuri D, Mancebo J, Mauri T, Helviz Y, Goligher EC, Jaber S, Ricard JD, Rittayamai N, Roca O, Antonelli M, Maggiore SM, Demoule A, Hodgson CL, Mercat A, Wilcox ME, Granton D, Wang D, Azoulay E, Ouanes-Besbes L, Cinnella G, Rauseo M, Carvalho C, Dessap-Mekontso A, Fraser J, Frat JP, Gomersall C, Grasselli G, Hernandez G, Jog S, Pesenti A, Riviello ED, Slutsky AS, Stapleton RD, Talmor D, Thille AW, Brochard L, Burns KEA. The role for high flow nasal cannula as a respiratory support strategy in adults: a clinical practice guideline. Intensive Care Med. 2020 Dec;46(12):2226-2237. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06312-y. Epub 2020 Nov 17. |
| 25866645 | Background | Nishimura M. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in adults. J Intensive Care. 2015 Mar 31;3(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s40560-015-0084-5. eCollection 2015. |
| 32496521 | Background | Ferreyro BL, Angriman F, Munshi L, Del Sorbo L, Ferguson ND, Rochwerg B, Ryu MJ, Saskin R, Wunsch H, da Costa BR, Scales DC. Association of Noninvasive Oxygenation Strategies With All-Cause Mortality in Adults With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA. 2020 Jul 7;324(1):57-67. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.9524. |
| 30545968 | Result | Simonneau G, Montani D, Celermajer DS, Denton CP, Gatzoulis MA, Krowka M, Williams PG, Souza R. Haemodynamic definitions and updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J. 2019 Jan 24;53(1):1801913. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01913-2018. Print 2019 Jan. |
| 40629562 | Derived | Yu L, Chen X, Wang X, Cui R. Efficacy and safety of high-flow nasal cannula versus noninvasive ventilation for pulmonary arterial hypertension-associated acute respiratory failure: A retrospective cohort study stratified by the severity of right ventricular dysfunction. Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jul 4;104(27):e43185. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000043185. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000081029 | Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension |
| D006976 | Hypertension, Pulmonary |
| D018497 | Ventricular Dysfunction, Right |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D018754 | Ventricular Dysfunction |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
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