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The project aims to investigate the effect of female sex hormone treatment (both contraceptive treatment and hormone therapy during menopause) on bronchial hyperreactivity in adult women. The study is a prospective cohort study involving 300 women, examining airway responsiveness before and after the initiation of hormone treatment, whether as hormone therapy in menopause or contraceptive treatment. Participants will be recruited from general practitioners in the Capital Region of Denmark. Lung function, bronchial hyperreactivity, airway inflammation, and body composition will be assessed before and after hormone treatment. Blood samples will also be collected and stored for later analysis of inflammation markers. The study will include women aged 18 to 75 who are about to begin hormone treatment.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hormonal Therapy Agent | Drug | Women initiating either Hormonal Contraceptives or Hormone replacement therapy in menopause |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Airway responsiveness to methacholine | Airway responsiveness to methacholine challenge before and after initiation of HC/HRT treatment reported as a dose-response-ratio defined as change in %FEV1 per μmol | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in lung function measured as forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation | |
| Change from baseline as measured by airway oscillometry (AOS) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Participants of this study will be women aged 18 to 75 years who for any reason are about to initiate HRT/HC. Further, patients must not be on any hormonal treatment at the time of initiation of hormones and must not have any gynecological or endocrinological disorder which is known to affect the ovarian cycle.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erik SH Hansen, MD, PHD | Contact | 38623862 | erik.soeren.halvard.hansen@regionh.dk |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001249 | Asthma |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001982 | Bronchial Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D008173 | Lung Diseases, Obstructive |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
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| 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Changes in airway inflammation measured as FeNO | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Changes in blood alarmins such as blood eosinophils, interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, IL-33, TSLP, IL-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa (TNF-alfa) | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (MRC) will be used to evaluate subjective dyspnea. MRC will be evaluated by medical interview. | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Changes in allergy measured as skin prick test (SPT) to common inhaled allergens | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Changes in body composition - fat distribution | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Changes in body composition measured as fat percent | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Changes in body composition measured as fat mass (kg) | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI) will be used to evaluate subjective dyspnea. Will be evaluated by medical interview. | 30 to 14 days before initiation of HC/HRT and 7-14 days and 42-56 days following initiation |
| D012130 |
| Respiratory Hypersensitivity |
| D006969 | Hypersensitivity, Immediate |
| D006967 | Hypersensitivity |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |