Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block vs Fascia Iliaca Block vs Lumbar Plexus Block for Postoperative Analgesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty

Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block vs Fascia Iliaca Block vs Lumbar Plexus Block for Postoperative Analgesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Clinical Trial

This study aims to compare lumbar erector spinae plane block, fascia iliaca block, and lumbar plexus block for postoperative analgesia for hip surgery.

Approximately 500,000 hip arthroplasties are performed each year in the United States. Traditionally, this procedure has been performed under general anesthesia. However, neuraxial and regional anesthesia have become more commonly utilized to aid in postoperative analgesia and reduce the side effects of opioids, namely sedation, nausea, and vomiting. Postoperative pain control has a significant impact on earlier ambulation, initiation of physical therapy, better functional recovery, and overall patient satisfaction.

Lumbar erector spinae plane block (LESPB) was reported to lead to effective postoperative analgesia in hip and proximal femoral surgery.

The fascia iliaca block (FIB) is an established and effective technique, especially when US guidance and proximal approaches are used.

lumbar plexus block (LPB) could be safe because of the targeted somatic nerve block in the psoas region which prevents dispensable sympathetic block even in cardiovascular-compromised patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 18 years.
• Both sexes.
• American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I-III.
• Undergoing total hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Obesity (Body Mass Index > 30 kg/m2).
• Allergy to any drug used in the study.
• Contraindications to spinal anesthesia (such as Thrombocytopenia (platelets <100,000/mCL) and coagulopathy (INR >1.4 or insufficient time since stopping systemic anticoagulation)).
• Epilepsy.
• Psychiatric disease.
• Pre-existing neurologic deficits or neuropathies.
• Pregnancy.
• Pre-existing alcohol/opioid use disorder.
• Previously diagnosed with chronic pain.