Title: Effect of timing of cord clamping of serum calcium levels in neonates Background: Hypocalcemia is a common metabolic problem in neonatal period. Most cases of hypocalcemia are asymptomatic however, the symptomatic cases require prompt management.

Objective: The objective is to determine the effects of early and delayed cord on serum calcium level in neonates Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial

Place and Duration of Study: PEMH Rawalpindi and CMH Rawalpindi from January 2024 to July 2024.

Patients and Methods: Total sample size of 200 neonates will be included in the study divided into four groups with cord clamping at 15s, 30s, 60s, 120s each group will have a total of 50 neonates. Blood sampling for CBC / CRP / S. Electrolytes (Na, K, Total Ca, Ionized Ca, Mg), S Calcitonin, ABGs (HCO3 Levels) samples will be collected at 6 hours of life.

• Inclusion Criteria: Neonates born at gestational age 37 weeks to 41 weeks with no maternal complication. Parents who give consent for inclusion in the study
• Exclusion Criteria: Mothers with evidence of clinical disease (diabetes, preeclampsia, hypertension). Babies with congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction.

Expected Results: Research data on serum Calcium levels in neonates have shown no correlation to timing of cord clamping. Same results are expected in this study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Neonates born at gestational age 37 weeks to 41 weeks with no maternal complication. Parents who give consent for inclusion in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Mothers with evidence of clinical disease (diabetes, preeclampsia, hypertension). Babies with congenital malformations and intrauterine growth restriction.