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The β-thalassemias are a group of inherited disorders of hemoglobin (Hb) synthesis characterized by chronic anemia of varying severity. The degree of anemia relies on several genetic and environmental factors and determines the need for regular transfusion therapy. It is now common practice to classify patients as having transfusion dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) or non-transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (NTDT). Regarding geographical distribution of β-thalassemia, it prevails more in countries on the Mediterranean, South east of Asia and in the east of Europe. In Egypt, it is the most common cause of chronic blood loss: One thousand cases are recorded annually for every 1.5 million live births the disease prevalence is equal to1000 cases per 1.5 million live births (Ghazala et al., 2021).
The only curative treatment for thalassemia currently is a bone marrow transplant. However, it is restricted to only a few patients due to the non-availability of an HLA-matched donor and high cost. Thus, most patients receive regular blood transfusions accompanied by iron chelation therapy (ICT) as the standard of care. The ideal management of a patient with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) requires a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach. The main iron chelating agents include deferoxamine (DFO), deferiprone (DFP), and deferasirox (DFX). Due to poor oral bioavailibility, DFO is the only chelator that must be administered subcutaneously or intravenously up to once a day; DFP and DFX may be administered orally up to three times a day. The known side effects associated with each chelator include infusion reactions in DFO, gastrointestinal distress, agranulocytosis in DFP, and transaminitis in DFP and DFX.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| patient group | Experimental | Beta thalassemia patients on oral chelation therapy |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum Ferritin level | Diagnostic Test | follow up to the ferritin level in beta thalaseemia patients on oral chelation therapy |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| serum ferritin level in beta thalassemia patients adherent to oral chelation therapy | Adherence of Beta Thalssemia Patients to Oral Chelation Therapy | 1 year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marwa Ali Mousa, resident | Contact | 01111815617 | marwa.mousaa@med.sohag.edu.eg | |
| ALzahraa Elsayad Ahmed, professor | Contact | 01224340998 |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sohag university Hospital | Recruiting | Sohag | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22281991 | Background | Belhoul KM, Bakir ML, Saned MS, Kadhim AM, Musallam KM, Taher AT. Serum ferritin levels and endocrinopathy in medically treated patients with beta thalassemia major. Ann Hematol. 2012 Jul;91(7):1107-14. doi: 10.1007/s00277-012-1412-7. Epub 2012 Jan 28. | |
| 17880620 | Background | Delea TE, Edelsberg J, Sofrygin O, Thomas SK, Baladi JF, Phatak PD, Coates TD. Consequences and costs of noncompliance with iron chelation therapy in patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia: a literature review. Transfusion. 2007 Oct;47(10):1919-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01416.x. |
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | Jan 14, 2026 | |
| Reset | Jan 29, 2026 |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 14, 2026 | Jan 29, 2026 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017086 | beta-Thalassemia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013789 | Thalassemia |
| D000745 | Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital |
| D000743 | Anemia, Hemolytic |
| D000740 | Anemia |
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| 28970676 | Background | Kannan S, Singh A. Compliance score as a monitoring tool to promote treatment adherence in children with thalassemia major for improved physical growth. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2017 Jul-Dec;11(2):108-114. doi: 10.4103/ajts.AJTS_61_16. |
| 31876777 | Background | Nazir HF, Alshizawi M. Neutropenia and Life-threatening Agranulocytosis Among Children With beta-Thalassemia Treated With Oral Iron Chelators in a Community With Background of Ethnic Neutropenia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2020 Nov;42(8):e750-e755. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000001699. |
| D006402 |
| Hematologic Diseases |
| D006425 | Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases |
| D006453 | Hemoglobinopathies |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |