retrospective cross sectional study Study Setting: Cases will be recruited from the recorded data system at the department of diagnostic radiology, Assiut University.

• Study subjects:

  1. Inclusion criteria:

     • All patients underwent MSCT KUB from 2022 till 2023
     • Age between 20-50 years old

  2. Exclusion criteria:

     • All cases below 20 and above 50 .
     • previous history of lumbar spine surgery;
     • non-degenerative pathologies in the lumbar spine which could interrupt the evaluation of lumbar spine degeneration, including spinal tumors, infections, and traumatic fractures;
     • images with poor quality

  3. Sample Size Calculation:

     The study will include all patients underwent KUB CT in Assuit university hospital.

     Objective of this research study will be accomplished through the following consecutive steps:

• Patient Enrolment and sample collection:

Sample are patients underwent MSCT KUB at our hospital , ASSUIT university at one year. Lumbosacral spine will be assessed for LSTV ,the patient images will be divided into two groups ,one which has LSTV as cases and other group with normal spine as control. both groups will be assessed for associated disc degeneration ,facet arthropathy sacroiliac joint degeneration ,paravertebral muscle volume and will be compared with control.

Inclusion Criteria:

• • All MSCT KUB studies from 2022 till 2023

  • age between 20-50

Exclusion Criteria:

• All cases below 20 and above 50 .
• previous history of lumbar spine surgery;
• non-degenerative pathologies in the lumbar spine which could interrupt the evaluation of lumbar spine degeneration, including spinal tumors, infections, and traumatic fractures;
• images with poor quality

The study will include all patients underwent KUB CT in Assuit university hospital at one year.