Effect of L-Carnitine on Biomarkers of Myocardial Reperfusion Injury in Patients With STEMI

Effect of L-Carnitine on Biomarkers of Myocardial Reperfusion Injury in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

The study aims is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of L-Carnitine on biomarkers of myocardial reperfusion injury in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary PCI by the assessment of nitrotyrosine as an oxidative stress marker and Matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2) as a cardiac fibrosis marker

This study aims to investigate the effects of L-Carnitine on biomarkers of myocardial reperfusion injury in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary PCI by the assessment of the following:

1. Measurement of nitrotyrosine as an oxidative stress marker and Matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2) as a cardiac fibrosis marker.
2. Assessment of The TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction) grade and Myocardial Blush Grade (MBG).
3. Echocardiography parameters

Patients and Methods:

Design: Prospective, randomized, open label, controlled clinical trial

Patients: A total of 76 STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI will be enrolled in the study and will be randomly assigned into one of 2 arms:

Group 1 (Control group) (n=38): STEMI patients undergoing PCI who will receive the standard of care Group 2 (Test group) (n= 38): STEMI patients undergoing PCI who will receive the standard of care in addition to L-Carnitine 5 g intravenous administered as slow Iv push over 2-3 minutes (L-Carnitine 1 gm / 5 mL Injection®, MEPACO, Egypt) prior to PCI and then 2 g orally (Carnitol 500 mg®, Global Napi, Egypt) daily for 4 weeks after PCI

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female or male aged >18 and < 75 years.
• STEMI patients undergoing PCI.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with a recent history of myocardial infarction (MI), a previous PCI, a previous coronary artery bypass graft, or any cardiac surgery.
• A late presentation (>12 h), unsuccessful primary PCI (residual stenosis >50% in the culprit lesion after procedure),
• Pretreatment with thrombolytic or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy before primary PCI,
• Concurrent Infectious or active inflammatory disease,
• Severe liver or renal disease, (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT) > 3x ULN or Total bilirubin > 3 x ULN), (CrCl < 60 ml/min (based on the Cockroft-Gault equation)
• Neoplasm, or hematological disorders
• Pregnant or breast-feeding patients
• Active participation in another clinical study
• Patients taking antioxidant drugs.
• History of or known allergy or intolerability to the study medications