The Safe and Fast Radial Hemostasis using Synergistic Strategies (SAFE & FAST) trial is an interventional study aimed at reducing the incidence of radial artery occlusion (RAO) rebound bleeding, and the required compression time after transradial approach (TRA) procedures, which have become the default access for coronary procedures globally. The hypothesis is that combining lower-dose heparin and radial hemostasis with simultaneous ipsilateral ulnar artery compression could achieve these improved outcomes.

Patients referred for diagnostic trans-radial cardiac catheterization who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomized into two groups. Group 1 will receive a standard heparin dose (50 U/Kg) with a total compression time of 2 hours using the TR band ® . Group 2 will receive a reduced heparin dose (25 U/Kg) and a compression time of 60 minutes using the VASOBand™, with simultaneous ipsilateral ulnar artery compression.

The study's primary endpoint is a composite of rebound bleeding, post-procedural RAO, and hematoma formation. Radial artery patency will be evaluated using ultrasonography.

With an expected complication rate of 8.2% in Group 1 and 4.5% in Group 2, a sample size of 207 patients per group will provide an 80% power to demonstrate non-inferiority for the treatment group at the alpha 2.5% level. The statistical analysis plan will use descriptive statistics for baseline data and 95% confidence intervals for outcome variables. If non-inferiority is demonstrated, there will be a superiority test performed to examine if Group 2 is superior.

In conclusion, the SAFE & FAST trial intends to establish a safer, quicker protocol for hemostasis after TRA procedures, with the potential to reduce patient recovery time and improve procedure throughput in cardiac catheterization laboratories.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients referred for diagnostic transradial cardiac catheterization
2. Age ≥ 18 years
3. Ability to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Absence of written informed consent
2. Patients on long-term systemic anticoagulation therapy for a different indication
3. Patients requiring a heparin dose of greater than 50 units per kilogram before, during, or after the procedure for any reason.
4. Patients requiring greater than 6 French catheter access