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The World Health Organization [WHO] (2021) states that Cardiovascular Diseases [CVD] are the leading cause of death in the world, and in 2019 around 17.9 million deaths were caused by CVD and the national picture is no different. In Portugal, demographic ageing continues to be established by the increase in average life expectancy, which in turn leads to an increase in the percentage of the population with CVDs. Of particular note is Ischemic Heart Disease [IHD], which is the second leading cause of death in Portugal In order to prevent and combat the progression of CVD and its complications, Cardiac Rehabilitation [CR] programs have emerged as a secondary prevention method supported by relevant scientific evidence. In this sense, the Portuguese Society of Cardiology recognizes the role of the Rehabilitation Nurse Specialist as a crucial element of CR teams.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the phase I cardiac rehabilitation program in patients hospitalized with ischemic heart disease, in terms of functional capacity.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiac Rehabilitation (Phase I) - nurse intervention | Procedure | The intervention consists of applying CR program (phase I ) following the Guidlines of American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation. The program was applied by adapting it to the patient, varying the intensity and frequency of the sessions, according to the FITT_VP acronym. This phase consists of functional respiratory rehabilitation and motor rehabilitation exercises. Each session is divided into three parts, starting with a warm-up with breathing and isometric exercises, then the so-called peak, which consists of specific endurance/aerobic exercises, and at the end, as a recovery phase, relaxation exercises with stretching are instructed. Also, health education sessions for patients/caregiver. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Activity intolerance | Modified Borg Dyspnea-It makes it possible to assess the subjective perception of effort and determine safe limits when performing exercises. Esta avaliação permite aos participantes avaliarem-se numa escala de 0 a 10, em que quanto mais baixa for a pontuação, menor será o nÃvel de fadiga. | The evaluation will be carried out in the first session before starting the rehabilitation program (t0), and in every session during the program for an average of 1 week until the end of the program (t1). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Health-related quality of life | The EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L), a two-part instrument, was used to assess HRQoL. It includes a descriptive part with five Likert-type scale questions with response levels (from Level 1 "no problems" to Level 5 "extreme problems") for the five health dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression). The second part reports a visual analog scale (EQ-VAS), scored by the participant by marking an "x" on the scale numbered from 0 ("worst" HRQoL) to 100 ("best" HRQoL), indicating and measuring current general health. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| José Moreira, MsC | University of Évora | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beja | Beja | Portugal |
The selected patients are informed about the program in full and then asked for their questioned about their willingness to participate and recorded on an informed consent form.
Data collection will be authorized by the participant, following authorization from the Ethics Committee of the Polytechnic Institute of Beja and ULS-Baixo Alentejo.
They will then be anonymized through coding and stored in a cloud with access only to the SR researcher. The results will then be published in a scientific journal.
The data will be analyzed at the end of the rehabilitation program, and then shared anonymously through publication in a scientific journal.
Data will only be accessible to researchers associated with the study and will be anonymized, with each participant associated with a coded number.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017202 | Myocardial Ischemia |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000072038 | Cardiac Rehabilitation |
| D017321 | Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
| D005791 | Patient Care |
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|
| The evaluation will be carried out in the first session before starting the rehabilitation program (t0). The second evaluation after finishing the program (t1), on average 1 week. |
| Distance | Monitoring the distance covered by the patient during the walking phase is fundamental for assessing functional capacity after a cardiac event. The service corridor is wide and 30 meters long and 3 meters wide, marked with tapes on the floor every 3 meters. The distance covered in the service corridor during all the training sessions is recorded in meters. | The first evaluation is carried out in the first session before starting the rehabilitation program (t0), and in all the sessions during the program, on average 1 week before the end of the program (t1). |
| D013812 |
| Therapeutics |
| D006296 | Health Services |
| D005159 | Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services |
| D002986 | Clinical Trials as Topic |
| D000068456 | Clinical Studies as Topic |
| D016020 | Epidemiologic Study Characteristics |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D017531 | Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms |
| D011787 | Quality of Health Care |
| D017530 | Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation |
| D011634 | Public Health |
| D004778 | Environment and Public Health |