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Feasibility of subjects completing the 3 day high fat diet protocol and multiple oral glucose tests
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The purpose of this study is to understand how the body's response after a meal is influenced by insulin and sugar in the blood. The primary question this study seeks to address is what is the effect of reduced insulin sensitivity on postprandial metabolic flexibility to an oral glucose tolerance test. We will recruit 50 adults (ages 20-45; 50% female) who are otherwise healthy (no known clinical diagnosis) into our non-randomized crossover trial to determine the effect of changes in insulin sensitivity on metabolic response to feeding. Insulin sensitivity will be decreased using a three-day high-fat diet (HFD) with extra calories. Whole-body metabolism will be measured during a standard 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Metabolic response to feeding (e.g. OGTT) will be compared before and after the HFD and compared with the control diet to understand the effect of decreased insulin sensitivity on the metabolic response to feeding. The role of biological sex as a moderator of the effect of increased insulin resistance on postprandial metabolic flexibility will also be investigated
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hypercaloric, High Fat Diet | Experimental | For three calendar days participants will be asked to track all foods they eat and beverages they drink (habitual diet) in a mobile application. Following the three days following the habitual diet, participants will consume 165% of their estimated daily energy needs with 65% of those calories coming from fat. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypercaloric, High Fat Diet | Behavioral | Participants will select meals from a list of sample breakfast, lunch, and dinner options from grocery stores. Typical intake will be estimated as 160-170% of resting metabolic rate, which will then be multiplied by 1.65 as the target calorie intake for the HFD. Target fat intake will be 65% of the HFD calorie target. To ensure participants will achieve the desired calorie and fat intake, they will also be provided with pre-made nutrient shakes and half-and-half. Participants will supplement their food intake with one to three shakes per day for each of the three days, depending on the fat and calorie content of the foods they select. They will be asked to add half-and-half equally between across the shakes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postprandial Metabolic Flexibility | Mean difference respiratory exchange ratio during an oral glucose tolerance test following a high fat diet | 3 Days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Matthew D Barberio, PhD | George Washington University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| George Washington University School of Public Health | Washington D.C. | District of Columbia | 20052 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D007333 | Insulin Resistance |
| D018149 | Glucose Intolerance |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059305 | Diet, High-Fat |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004032 | Diet |
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
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Non-Randomized Crossover
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| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D006943 | Hyperglycemia |