Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of HAnDE

Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Hand Scleroderma Lived Experience Scale

The aim of the present study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt The Hand Scleroderma Experienced Experience (HAnDE) Scale into the Turkish language and investigate its reliability and validity in Turkish-speaking patients with systemic sclerosis.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt The Hand Scleroderma Experienced Experience (HAnDE) Scale into the Turkish language and investigate its reliability and validity in Turkish-speaking patients with systemic sclerosis.

Methods: The HAnDE was cross-culturally adapted according to Beaton's guideline. Participants completed the Turkish version of HAnDE scale (HAnDE-T), The Mouth Handicap in Systemic Sclerosis Scale (MHISS), 36 Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Internal consistency of the HAnDE-T questionnaire was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Convergent validity was tested using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The construct validity of the HAnDE-T questionnaire was assessed by factor analysis. The construct validity of the HAnDE-T was evaluated by correlating the scores between HAnDE-T and HAQ, SF-36 PCS, SF-36 MCS and MHISS scores.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1) being 18-65 years of age,
• 2) being diagnosed of SSc according to do 2013 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and/or European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria,
• 3) being literate in Turkish,
• 4) being agreed to participate in the research.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1) being in a psychological or cognitive disorders that would prevent to answer questions.