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Second primary malignancy (SPM) significantly impacts the survival and prognosis of patients. This study endeavors to identify risk and prognostic factors associated with SPM after first primary kidney cancer and construct predictive nomograms.
In recent years, with the advancement of cancer treatment techniques and the prolonged survival of patients, the prevalence of Second primary malignancy (SPM) has been escalating, emerging as a significant health issue among cancer survivors. The goal of this study is to identify risk and prognostic factors associated with SPM after first primary kidney cancer and construct nomograms to provide clinical evidence. The main questions this study aims to answer are: (1) What are the risk factors associated with the prevalence of SPM after kidney cancer? (2) What are the prognostic factors associated with the overall survival (OS) of kidney cancer patients with SPM? (3) How to accurately predict the probability of developing SPM after kidney cancer and the OS of kidney cancer patients with SPM? In this retrospective population-based cohort study, Patients diagnosed with first primary kidney cancer between 2000 and 2020 were retrospectively enrolled from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Researchers will concentrate on the risk and prognostic factors of SPM after kidney cancer, and develop nomograms to forecast the development and overall survival (OS) of SPM after kidney cancer.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kidney cancer patients with second primary malignancy (SPM) | Patients diagnosed with first primary kidney cancer and second primary malignancy between 2000 and 2020 |
| |
| Kidney cancer patients without SPM | Patients diagnosed with only first primary kidney cancer between 2000 and 2020 |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy | Procedure | Surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Developing a second primary malignancy (SPM) | This time was calculated as the time interval from the diagnosis of first primary kidney cancer to the diagnosis of second primary malignancy. | This time was calculated as the time interval from the diagnosis of first primary kidney cancer to the diagnosis of second primary malignancy, assessed up to 20 years. |
| Overall survival (OS) | OS was calculated as the time interval from the diagnosis of the second primary malignancy to death or the time to the last follow-up. | From the date of diagnosis of the second primary malignancy to the date of death from any cause or the data of last follow-up, whichever came first, assessed up to 20 years. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer-specific survival (CSS) | CSS was calculated as the time interval from the diagnosis of the second primary malignancy to death from the same disease or the last follow-up. | From date of diagnosis of the second primary malignancy until the date of death from the same disease or the date of last follow-up, whichever came first, assessed up to 20 years. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Retrospectively reviewing data were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (https://seer.cancer.gov/) from 2000-2020 using SEER Stat 8.4.1. This study was based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, which contains the population-based data from 17 Registries covering approximately 26.5% of the U.S. population.The eligible kidney cancer patients were identified from the SEER database.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Kan Gong | Peking University First Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peking University First Hospital | Beijing | Beijing Municipality | 100034 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007680 | Kidney Neoplasms |
| D016609 | Neoplasms, Second Primary |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014571 | Urologic Neoplasms |
| D014565 | Urogenital Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D011878 | Radiotherapy |
| D004358 | Drug Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| D052776 |
| Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |