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The aim of our study was to investigate the short-term effects of ischemic compression applied in addition to classical massage for the treatment of myofascial trigger points on the upper trapezius muscle in women on pain, functionality and quality of life.
The aim of our study was to investigate the short-term effects of ischemic compression applied in addition to classical massage in the treatment of myofascial trigger points on the upper trapezius muscle in women on pain, functionality and quality of life. "Visual Analog Scale (VAS)" was used for pain assessment of individuals who accepted to participate in the study; universal goniometer was used to measure active neck active range of motions (AROM) for functionality; and "Short Form-36 (SF-36)" was used for quality of life. Then, the participants were randomly divided into two groups [Group 1: classical massage group; Group 2: classical massage + ischemic compression group]. Classical massage was applied to both groups three times a week for two weeks, and ischemic compression was applied to Group 2 in addition to classical massage. At the end of the treatment period, the participants were re-evaluated in terms of VAS, neck AROM and SF-36 scores.Statistical analysis will be performed with SPSS 24.0 program. If the data is parametric, paired sample t-test will be used for within-group evaluation; independent sample t-test will be used for between-group evaluation. If the data is non-parametric, Wilson test will be used for within-group evaluation and Mann Whitney U test will be used for between-group evaluation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Experimental | Classical massage group |
|
| Group 2 | Experimental | Classical massage + ischemic compression group |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Classical massage | Other | Classical massage was started by general stroking 3 times. Then, it was continued by kneading 3 times. After the kneading movement, fibrocytic nodules on the muscle were searched and friction was applied to the found nodules one by one. The massage of the muscle was completed by applying stroking 3 times. The application was carried out 3 times a week for 2 weeks to evaluate the short-term effect. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale | Pain assessment was made with Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The subjects were informed that the number '0' on a 10 cm horizontal line indicated 'no pain' and the number '10' indicated 'unbearable pain'. The subjects were asked to mark the pain they felt on the VAS scale for 3 different areas, namely trapezius pain, neck pain and headache, and the points they marked were recorded as the severity of pain in cm. VAS measurements were performed twice in total, before and after treatment. | at baseline and at week 2. |
| Active Range of Motion | Active Range of Motion (AROM) measurement was evaluated using a universal goniometer. While the patient was in a sitting position, the pivot point, fixed arm and movable arm of the goniometer were placed in the specified reference areas. The patient was asked to actively perform neck flexion, extension, right-left lateral flexion and right-left rotation movements and the values at the end of the movements were recorded in degrees. AROM measurements were performed twice in total, before and after treatment. | at baseline and at week 2. |
| Short-Form 36 | The Short Form-36 (SF-36) scale was used to assess quality of life. The lowest score represents the worst health status. SF-36 measurement was performed twice, before and after treatment. | at baseline and at week 2. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Only female
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Duygu Sahin Altac, PT, MSc. | Halic Ãœniversity | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Halic University | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11871683 | Result | Alvarez DJ, Rockwell PG. Trigger points: diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2002 Feb 15;65(4):653-60. | |
| 34776151 | Result | Bethers AH, Swanson DC, Sponbeck JK, Mitchell UH, Draper DO, Feland JB, Johnson AW. Positional release therapy and therapeutic massage reduce muscle trigger and tender points. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Oct;28:264-270. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.005. Epub 2021 Jul 14. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009209 | Myofascial Pain Syndromes |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019050 | Acupressure |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D064746 | Therapy, Soft Tissue |
| D026201 | Musculoskeletal Manipulations |
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| Ischemic compression | Other | Ischemic compression was applied to the trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle using an average pressure of 1 kg at a right angle, and after compression, passive stretching was applied to the upper trapezius muscle 3 times in 20-second periods. The application was performed 3 times a week for 2 weeks to evaluate the short-term effect. |
|
| 25768071 | Result | Cagnie B, Castelein B, Pollie F, Steelant L, Verhoeyen H, Cools A. Evidence for the Use of Ischemic Compression and Dry Needling in the Management of Trigger Points of the Upper Trapezius in Patients with Neck Pain: A Systematic Review. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Jul;94(7):573-83. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000266. |
| 33411952 | Result | Sahin D, Kaya Mutlu E, Sakar O, Ates G, Inan S, Taskiran H. The effect of the ischaemic compression technique on pain and functionality in temporomandibular disorders: A randomised clinical trial. J Oral Rehabil. 2021 May;48(5):531-541. doi: 10.1111/joor.13145. Epub 2021 Jan 21. |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |