Patients receive the large-volume distal adductor canal block (ACB). In this technique, a linear transducer is placed on the medial aspect, approximately one fourth of the distal thigh to identify the Adductor Hiatus, and the injection is performed in-plane near that point using ropivacaine.

This arm involves a combination of two regional anesthesia techniques: proximal adductor canal block (ACB) and iPACK. In proximal ACB, the transducer is placed in the middle of the thigh, and the injection is performed in-plane approximately 1-2 cm distal from a specific point. Meanwhile, in iPACK, the curvilinear transducer is positioned on the posteromedial aspect of the distal thigh, and the injection is performed between the popliteal artery and the femur

The interventions are three different regional anesthesia techniques: Proximal Adductor Canal Block (ACB), iPACK (Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Posterior Knee), and Large-Volume Distal Adductor Canal Block (Large ACB distal). all three interventions were administered using ropivacaine 0.2%. However, there were differences in the volumes injected for each regional anesthesia technique. Proximal ACB: 15 mL of ropivacaine 0.2%. iPACK: 20 mL of ropivacaine 0.2%. Large ACB distal: 35 mL of ropivacaine 0.2%

The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is a functional mobility assessment used to evaluate a person's ability to stand up from a chair, walk a short distance, turn around, return to the chair, and sit down again. It assesses balance, gait, and functional mobility, which are crucial aspects of postoperative recovery.

The NRS is a commonly used tool to assess pain intensity. Patients are typically asked to rate their pain on a numerical scale from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents the worst imaginable pain

This measures the total amount of morphine consumed by patients within the first 24 hours after surgery. It reflects the effectiveness of pain management strategies and the need for opioid analgesia