Laparoscopic Cholodochotomy in Management of CBD Stones

Primary Closure Versus T-tube Drainage Following Laparoscopic Cholodochotomy in Management of CBD Stones

The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of primary closure of cholodochotomy incision versus T-tube drainage in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration for management of CBD stones and provide evidence-based guidance to the selection of the most appropriate operative technique.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. patients with a definitive preoperative diagnosed with CBD stones.
2. a CBD diameter of ≥1 cm.
3. patients are fit for surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

1. patients with liver cirrhosis.
2. a CBD diameter of <1 cm
3. malignancy in the biliary tract or CBD stricture .
4. patients are not fit for surgery.