Isoniazid Prophylaxis Based on Risk Factors of Tuberculosis in Living Kidney Transplantation Recipients

Isoniazid Prophylaxis Based on Risk Factors of Tuberculosis in Living Kidney Transplantation Recipients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major and severe opportunistic infection among solid organ transplant recipients. Chemoprophylaxis is advised for those with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, the effectiveness of an isoniazid (INH) prophylactic approach based on TB risk factors, without relying on tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA), remains uncertain. Therefore, the investigators conducted this retrospective study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 6-month INH prophylaxis regimen guided by TB risk factors in kidney transplant recipients.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. living-donor kidney transplant recipients
2. receiving standard triad immunosuppressive regimen

Exclusion Criteria:

1. active TB infection
2. multiorgan transplantation
3. liver cirrhosis
4. malignancy history in the donor and recipient
5. human immunodeficiency virus infection
6. those who had received a nine-month course of INH.