Osteoporosis is a significant public health issue, especially among postmenopausal women with diabetes, and its prevalence is increasing. This trial aims to determine the influence of moderate intensity aerobic exercise vs resistance exercise on bone mineral density among postmenopausal diabetic women.

has diabetes. Postmenopausal Osteoporosis (PMO) is an increasingly serious metabolic bone disease in the world, which generally develops in middle-aged and elderly women and postmenopausal women, and it is characterized by low bone mass and microstructure degradation of bone tissues. there are complex pathophysiological effects between them: T2D directly affects bone metabolism and strength. Some antidiabetic drugs affect bone metabolism, and diabetes complications are related to the risk of falls and subsequent fractures. Patients with T2D have higher trabecular and lower cortical bone density, leading to lower bone intensity. Exercise is considered a highly relevant component in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and fracture reduction. Exercise greatly affects bone geometry as it increases periosteal apposition through increasing osteoblast formation. In addition to influencing bone mineral density, exercise can improve muscle function to potentially decrease fall risk through improved balance and strength.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise versus resistance exercise on bone mineral density in postmenopausal diabetic women.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Fifty women postmenopausal obese women
• (BMI) 30 -35 kg/m2
• their age ranges from 50 to 60 years old and
• complain of diabetic type 2 for 10 years ago.

Exclusion Criteria:

• women with renal or liver disease,
• cardiac or chest disease psychological problems,
• cognitive problems are excluded from the study.
• Any women who have therapeutic problems that will interfere with performing exercise or affection BMD will be excluded from this study.

Double-blind masking the patient was not be informed about the training group or the other group; they will be evaluated and trained at different places and times.