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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common form of scoliosis. Although an increasing number of studies suggest that an abnormal sensory-motor integration critically contributes to the cause of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis , there is uncertainty about the level of the central nervous system explaining this dysfunction. Therefore, the planned master's thesis study aims to compare proprioception, tactile acuity, right-left reasoning ability, motor imagery ability, including the evaluation of body schema, which is a sensorimotor representation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients with healthy individuals. In addition, the relationship of these markers with posture results, body perception and quality of life of individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis will be investigated as a secondary aim.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis |
| ||
| Healthy control |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assesment | Other | All assessments will be made |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The two-point discrimination test | The two-point discrimination test is used to assess if the patient is able to identify two close points on a small area of skin, and how fine the ability to discriminate this are. It is a measure of tactile agnosia, or the inability to recognize these two points despite intact cutaneous sensation and proprioception | Baseline |
| Left/right discrimination (Lateralization) | Right-Left Discrimination will be evaluated with Recognise™ applications (Back) developed by the "Neuro Orthopedic Institute". | Baseline |
| Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire | Motor imagery ability will be assessed with the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ). The participant gives a score between 1 and 5 for the image he/she imagines: "1 point: no image, 5 points: as clear as the original." This process is repeated for each task and at the end of the survey, kinesthetic imagery score, visual imagery score and total score are calculated. | Baseline |
| Lumbar proprioception test | In both groups, thoracic and lumbar repositioning accuracy will be measured and evaluated using the dual inclinometer system. | Baseline |
| Pressure Pain Threshold | A digital pressure algometer will be applied to the web space of the foot opposite the trigger point. Participants are instructed to say "stop" or "pain" so the stimulus can be terminated "when the sensation first transitions from pressure to pain" (pain threshold). | Baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 4D DIERS FORMETIC | In this study, the newly developed 4D DIERS FORMETIC movable spine and surface topography evaluation device will be used. This device is equipped with a digital network camera that allows measurements at a maximum frequency of up to 50 frames per second. The camera uses CMOS sensors with a resolution of 1280x1024 pixels. Thanks to these sensors and reflective markers, measurements are reconstructed in 3D. Thus, it allows real-time evaluation of posture parameters. Evaluation is done without radiation and without contact. |
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Inclusion Criteria (Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis)
Exclusion Criteria (Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis)
Inclusion Criteria (adolescent healthy/untreated population)
-Age < 19 years Matched for age/height/weight (+/-5 years; +/- 10 lbs; +/- 10cm) to a scoliosis participant
Exclusion Criteria (adolescent healthy/untreated population)
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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis consulting a surgeon and adolescent healthy/untreated population consulting a surgeon
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acibadem University | Istanbul | Turkey | +90 | Turkey (Türkiye) | ||
| Maslak Acıbadem |
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| baseline |
| Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire--Scoliosis Version | It is a seven-item instrument that measures body image disturbance. It assesses (1) concern about body part(s) felt to be unattractive; (2) preoccupation with the concern(s); (3) experiences of emotional distress about appearance; (4) impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning; (5) interference with social life, school, job, or role functioning; (6) avoidance of activities because of appearance; and (7) behavioral avoidance10,26. Using a rating scale from 1 to 5 (with 1 = not at all concerned, and 5 = extremely concerned) to measure each of these items and a mean score for the seven items, the BIDQ allows for continuous, quantitative measurement. Higher scores reflect more severe body image disturbance | Baseline |
| Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale | It is a scale that scores the severity of curvature by focusing on the person's perception of posture. It is divided into 7 parameters including body curvature, rib prominence, lumbar prominence, head-rib-pelvis positional relationship, head-pelvis relationship, shoulder level and scapula rotation. A high score means that the perceived deformity is high. | Baseline |
| Scoliosis Research Society 22 | It is a quality of life questionnaire which consists of 22 questions assessing 5 quality of life domains: Function, Pain, Self-Image, Mental health (5 questions), satisfaction (2 questions). Each category is rated on 5. The categories are summed and divided by 5 to have a total score on 5 points. 5 is the best score and 1 the worst | Baseline |
| Istanbul |
| Turkey |
| +90 |
| Turkey (Türkiye) |