Ho; YAG laser therapy device is used. The patient adopts lithotomy position. After general anesthesia, a semi-rigid ureteroscope is used to enter the bladder through the urethra to observe the ureteral opening, and then a hydrophilic guide wire is inserted into the ureter on the affected side. After the semi-rigid ureteroscope slowly enters along the hydrophilic guide wire and reaches the bottom of the stone, the laser optical fiber of the laser therapy device is inserted into the working channel of the ureteroscope so that the end of the optical fiber is exposed in the field of view of the ureteroscope. After the laser therapy device sets the lithotripsy parameters, the optical fiber is aimed at the stone for laser lithotripsy.

The patient adopts lithotomy position. After general anesthesia, a semi-rigid ureteroscope is used to enter the bladder through the urethra to observe the ureteral opening, and then a hydrophilic guide wire is inserted into the ureter on the affected side. After the semi-rigid ureteroscope slowly enters along the hydrophilic guide wire and reaches the bottom of the stone, the laser fiber of the laser therapy machine is inserted into the working channel of the ureteroscope so that the end of the fiber is exposed to the field of view of the ureteroscope. Using the TFL laser therapy device, after setting the lithotripsy parameters, the fiber is aimed at the stone for laser lithotripsy.

Patients with proximal ureteral stones undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy using thulium laser lithotripsy.

Stone-free rate (SFR) after single-session laser lithotripsy using a semirigid ureteroscope without an auxiliary procedure assessed by CT/X-ray at 2-4 weeks follow-up after laser lithotripsy.

the time of laser lithotripsy

bleeding, ureteral perforation, ureteral wall injury, or intraoperative adverse events leading to termination of surgery