The objective of this this single-center prospective longitudinal study is to evaluate the incidence of diaphragmatic dysfunction after non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS).

Participant will be evaluated during surgery, 2 hours and 24 hours after surgery.

This is a prospective longitudinal single-center study conducted on patients undergoing non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. The main indications for this surgery are wedge resections, pneumothorax repair, and pleural biopsies (with or without talc pleurodesis) for pleural effusion.

Except for the inclusion visit, each patient will be evaluated twice, 2 and 24 hours after the end of the surgical procedure. The data from each evaluation will be recorded by the physician in the electronic CRF

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient aged 18 years or older
• Patient who has read and signed the informed consent form for participation in the study
• Patient undergoing surgery with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery without intubation

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known or detected diaphragmatic dysfunction before the intervention
• Patient not affiliated with the French social security system
• Patient under legal protection, guardianship, or curatorship
• Patient already enrolled in another therapeutic study protocol (involving medications or non-drug therapies)
• Patient in an exclusion period from a previous clinical study
• Mental deficiency or any other reason that may hinder understanding or strict adherence to the protocol

Only data strictly relevant to and directly used in the published article will be eligible for sharing. No data outside the scope of the published analysis will be provided.

Data may be made available upon explicit request from the journal and solely for the purpose of conducting a re-analysis of the published results. Requests must be submitted by email to the corresponding author. The statistical code used for the original analyses may also be shared if necessary. The study authors may be invited to participate in the re-analysis depending on the nature of the request.

Data will be provided as an anonymized Excel file, in compliance with applicable personal data protection regulations. No information allowing direct or indirect identification of study participants will be disclosed.

Shared data may be used only for the purpose defined in the initial request. No secondary use, data transfer agreement, or further data exploitation will be authorized.