The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the efficacy of upadacitinib after NECS in participants with vitiligo. The main question it aims to answer is: whether the short time use of upadacitinib after NECS will improve NECS efficacy. Participants in the experimental group will receive upadacitinib after NECS, while Participants in the control group will receive NECS only.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Participants who can sign the informed consent.
2. Participants aged 18-60 years (both men and women) at the time of signing the informed consent.
3. Non-segmented vitiligo
4. Vitiligo affected area should meet the following two criteria:

(1) containing the target area (relatively flat vitiligo lesions except of the hands and feet, perineum, lips, joints, perianal); (2) total BSA involvement ≤30% 5. Clinically stable for more than one year (stable refers to the original lesion no longer expanding and no new lesions appearing).

6. All fertile women had to be willing to use at least one highly effective method of contraception from the time they signed informed consent through the final follow-up visit.

7. Participants must be willing and able to adhere to scheduled visits and scheduled treatments, laboratory tests, and other study procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any active skin lesions (e.g. psoriasis, dermatitis, skin ulceration, etc.) or skin infections (bacterial, fungal, viral, etc.) which may interfere with the assessment of vitiligo at screening.
2. Participants had a clinically significant infection (requiring hospitalization and parenteral treatment with antibiotics, antiviral agents, or antifungal agents for more than 3 days) within one month of the screening period or an active infection for which they were receiving treatment during the screening period.
3. Infected with HBV or HCV or HIV or syphilis.
4. Participants had active Tuberculosis or were receiving anti-Tuberculosis treatment, or had received anti-Tuberculosis treatment within 1 year.
5. Hepatic dysfunction (Total bilirubin ≥ 2 × ULN, AST≥2 × ULN, ALT ≥ 2 × ULN) at screening.
6. Renal impairment ( eGFR of <45 mL/min or receiving dialysis) at screening
7. Participants with malignancy or with a history of malignancy other than adequately treated or resected nonmetastatic basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma.
8. Participants with current thyroid disease or undergoing thyroid replacement therapy.
9. Participants with a history of mental illness, such as anxiety or depression, who were assessed by the investigator to be unfit to participate in the study.
10. Pregnant or lactating female participants.
11. Participants who received any laser or phototherapy for vitiligo within 4 weeks before baseline.
12. Participants who received oral or systemic medications (e.g., glucocorticoids, cyclosporine, methotrexate, tacrolimus, Chinese medicine, etc.) aimed at controlling/improving vitiligo symptoms within 4 weeks before baseline.
13. Participants who had received JAK inhibitor therapy (including, but not limited to Ruxolitinib, Tofacitinib, Baricitinib, Upadacinib, etc.) within 12 weeks or 5 half-lives before baseline, whichever was longer.
14. Participants who had used any biologic agent within 12 weeks or 5 half-lives before baseline, whichever was longer.
15. Participants who had been enrolled in another intervention clinical trial within 4 weeks before the baseline visit or who were within 5 half-lives of the last dose of the intervention drug at baseline.
16. Any other condition that the investigator considered might render the subject ineligible for inclusion in the study.

SCI articles published after the end of the trial can be shared with other researchers