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Studied the comparison between PECS II block and LIA on pain intensity, opioid requirements, RNL, and postoperative IL-6 levels in MRM patients.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PECS | Active Comparator | PECS II block before surgery using isobaric bupivacaine 0.25% 20 mL (50 mg) |
|
| LIA | Active Comparator | Local infiltration anesthesia after completion of surgery using isobaric bupivacaine 0.25% 20 mL (50 mg) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PECS II block | Drug | Treatment group that received the PECS II block using isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% 50 mg |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Concentration of Plasma Interleukin-6 | in pg/dL | 1 hour before surgery, 2 hour after surgery, 12 hour after surgery |
| Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio | Neutrophil divided by lymphocyte | 1 hour before surgery, 2 hour after surgery, 12 hour after surgery |
| Pain intensity (Using Numeric Rating Scale) | Scale from 0-10, lower score = better outcome | hour 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 |
| Rescue opioid requirement | Using fentanyl at a dose of 0.5-1 μg/kg/IV titrated as needed, in mcg (given if the patient had NRS of >4/10) | Within 24 hours after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Demographic baseline data | Medical record number, age, body weight (in kilogram), height (in centimeter), BMI (in kg/m2), ASA PS class, duration of surgery (in minutes) | baseline (before the surgery) |
| Time until first rescue opioid requirement |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RSUP dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo | Makassar | South Sulawesi | 90173 | Indonesia |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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single-blind randomized trial
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| LIA | Drug | Treatment group that received the local infiltration anesthesia using isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% 50 mg |
|
in minutes
| Within 24 hours after surgery |
| Nausea and vomiting | Nausea and vomiting were assessed using a numerical scale (0 = no nausea, 1 = mild nausea, 2 = severe nausea or vomiting once, and 3 = vomiting more than once). If the score was > 2, rescue antiemetics with ondansetron 0.1 mg/IV were given. | Within 24 hours after surgery |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |