Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Preserving functional ability is crucial for healthy aging. Unfortunately, age-related decreases in muscle power often lead to declines in functional ability. As power is the product of force and velocity, decreases in power can originate from changes in muscle force, contraction velocity, or both, varying between individuals. The primary method to prevent functional disability is power-based resistance training. Although training interventions are effective for most older adults, they do not induce substantial improvements in a subset of the population. These inconsistent outcomes may arise from neglecting the observed differences in the force-velocity (F-v) profiles between individuals. Therefore, this study provides a novel approach to resistance exercise, in which exercise dose is tailored according to the individual's F-v profile. The effectiveness of the tailored method will be assessed in a randomized control trial, comparing the effects of an individualized and a non-individualized 12-week training intervention on muscle power parameters and functional ability.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Individualized resistance exercise program | Experimental | Individualized exercise dose. Individuals with a velocity deficit only perform low-load exercises. Individuals with a force deficit only perform high-load exercises. |
|
| Non-individualized resistance exercise program | Active Comparator | Non-individualized exercise dose. All individuals perform a combination of low-load and high-load resistance exercises, regardless of their deficit. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12-week progressive power-oriented resistance exercise program | Other | 2x/week, 35-45 min sessions, on leg press machine |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maximal force (F0) | Unilateral (dominant leg) maximal force production (N) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA). The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in maximal force. | Change from baseline in maximal force at 12 weeks |
| Maximal velocity (V0) | Unilateral (dominant leg) maximal velocity production (m/s) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA). The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in maximal velocity. | Change from baseline in maximal velocity at 12 weeks |
| Force-velocity slope | Unilateral (dominant leg) force-velocity (F-v) slope on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA). F-v slope = force (N) as a function of velocity (m/s). The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in slope. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Exercise adherence | Number of sessions attended as a percentage of total sessions planned | Total adherence over 12-week period |
| Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score | Total score on the SPPB (min 0, max 12, higher scores indicate better performance) |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KU Leuven - Department of Movement Sciences | Leuven | Vlaams-Brabant | 3000 | Belgium |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Change from baseline in F-v slope at 12 weeks |
| Maximal power (P0) | Unilateral (dominant leg) maximal power production (Watt) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA). The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in maximal power. | Change from baseline in maximal power at 12 weeks |
| Force at maximal power | Unilateral (dominant leg) force at maximal power production (N) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA). The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in force at maximal power. | Change from baseline in force at maximal power at 12 weeks |
| Velocity at maximal power | Unilateral (dominant leg) velocity at maximal power production (m/s) on the pneumatic leg press device (Leg Press Air 400, Keiser, USA). The test protocol consists of 2 sets of 1 repetition with increasing loads (5-10 kg increments), starting at 20% of body mass. When the participants fail to lift a certain load, the load will be decreased by 2.5-5 kg until their one repetition maximum (1-RM) is reached. The duration of the recovery time between sets will be based on the mean velocity in the preceding repetition, with longer rest periods after high-load, low-velocity attempts. Mean velocity of the best trial per load is used to estimate the individual F-v relationship through a linear equation. This F-v relationship will be used to examine the exercise-induced changes in velocity at maximal power. | Change from baseline in velocity at maximal power at 12 weeks |
| Change from baseline in SPPB test score at 12 weeks |
| Gait speed | The average speed (m/s) to walk 10m as fast as possible | Change from baseline in gait speed at 12 weeks |
| Countermovement jump height | The jump height (cm) in a countermovement jump | Change from baseline in countermovement jump height at 12 weeks |
| Timed up and go | The time (s) needed to stand up from a chair, walk 3 m, turn, walk back and sit down again (as fast as possible) | Change from baseline in timed up and go time at 12 weeks |
| 5-repetition sit-to-stand time | The time (s) needed to perform 5 sit-to-stand transitions | Change from baseline in sit-to-stand performance at 12 weeks |
| 5-repetition sit-to-stand power | The power (watt) needed to perform 5 sit-to-stand transitions | Change from baseline in sit-to-stand performance at 12 weeks |
| Stair ascent time | The time (s) needed to ascend a flight of stairs | Change from baseline in stair climbing performance at 12 weeks |
| Stair ascent power | The power (Watt) needed to ascend a flight of stairs | Change from baseline in stair climbing performance at 12 weeks |