Participants in this group engage in the traditional core course, followed by a 20-minute practical session where they pair up for mutual hands-on practice. The assessment of upper limb soft tissue operations takes approximately 4 minutes per session, allowing for approximately 5 practice sessions.

Participants receive the traditional core course along with a 20-minute video feedback session. Initially, a therapist records students' assessment techniques in action, capturing the dynamic process on video. The recorded video is then played on a screen for both the course teacher and students to watch together. Participants can annotate specific actions during the viewing, and the course teacher facilitates a reflective discussion where participants observe and identify any issues or correct actions as expected. The teacher provides feedback on areas of improvement in the action process for further practice. The self-viewing of the recorded video serves as a valuable tool for enhancing the skill performance of physical therapy interns.

Participants in this group engage in the traditional core course (1-hour lecture on upper limb soft tissue differential diagnosis and assessment techniques. They have the opportunity to observe teacher demonstrations, and the course content and instructional demonstrations are consistent and delivered by the same therapist), followed by a 20-minute practical session where they pair up for mutual hands-on practice. The assessment of upper limb soft tissue operations takes approximately 4 minutes per session, allowing for approximately 5 practice sessions.

Evaluators utilize a detailed, operationally defined standardized checklist to assess the performance of examinees in a structured clinical skills assessment. This instructional design aims to aid students in learning and understanding their learning outcomes, evaluating the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of the examinees through a performance-based testing approach.

The scoring sheet includes an standardized checklist and an overall performance assessment. The standardized checklist comprises 15 items, with results presented in percentages, where higher scores indicate better performance. The overall performance assessment ranges from 5 points (excellent) to 1 point (poor).

The Mini-CEX focuses on the performance of interactions with patients. Clinical instructors can use it to directly observe the interaction between learners and patients, conduct a simple assessment of the Mini-CEX, and provide direct feedback to the learners. Clinical instructors can assess a specific aspect (medical interview, physical examination, operational skills, counseling and health education, clinical judgment, organizational efficiency, humanitarian professionalism) each time.

The assessment consists of 7 items, with scores ranging from 1 to 9 points each. The total score ranges from 7 to 63 points, with higher scores indicating better performance.