The objective is to explore the effects of adding AC-134 on renal function, proteinuria, uremic toxins, and metabolism-related markers in chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) management primarily focuses on addressing associated complications such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and proteinuria. In addition to standard therapies, reducing the accumulation of toxins, particularly gut-derived uremic toxins like indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresol sulfate (PCS), may help alleviate uremia symptoms. This study assesses the impact of oral AC-134 capsules containing activated charcoal adsorbent on CKD patients. The assessment will include evaluating changes in renal function, proteinuria, uremic toxins, and metabolism-related markers.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged 20-90 years.
• Diagnosed with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease, excluding dialysis patients.
• Signed informed consent is required before enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Use of other brand-activated charcoal supplements during the study period.
• Pregnant or lactating women.
• Patients who have undergone kidney transplantation.
• Obstructive nephropathy within the past month.
• Acute kidney injury within the past three months.
• Gastrointestinal bleeding or severe constipation within the past three months.
• Patients with active malignancy within the past two years.
• Severe cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure New York class III-IV or cerebrovascular disease
• Severe liver disease, such as liver cirrhosis with ascites.
• Active infectious disease