The investigators plan to conduct a multi-case, multi-reader observational study with the primary objective of exploring the effects of an interpretable insulin-assisted decision-making system on physicians' (1) decision accuracy and (2) decision confidence.

Case:

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with T2DM who were admitted to Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from 2022.12 to 2023.3.
• Insulin regimen is one of the following: a. Basal regimen: once a day subcutaneous injection of long-acting or ultra-long-acting insulin; b. Premixed regimen: two/three times a day subcutaneous injection of premixed insulin; c. Basal mealtime regimen: three times a day before meals subcutaneous injection of short-acting or rapid-acting insulin, plus once a day injection of long-acting or ultra-long-acting insulin.

Exclusion Criteria:

- Cases will be excluded if there is insufficient information for a valid assessment (missing data on insulin or blood glucose >40%).

Doctor

Inclusion Criteria:

licensed medical practitioner.

include 40 patient cases and 8 doctors (4 senior and 4 junior)