This investigator-initiated, single-arm, phase II trial is aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a venetoclax-based, anthracycline-free regimen in patients with newly diagnosed CBFβ::MYH11-positive acute myeloid leukemia.

Primary Objectives:

To determine the CR (complete remission) / CRi (complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery) rate of 2 cycles of VEN/HMA in patients with newly diagnosed (ND) CBFβ::MYH11-positive acute myeloid leukemia(AML).

Secondary Objectives:

1. To determine the overall response rate (ORR) of 2 cycles of VEN/HMA in patients with ND CBFβ::MYH11-positive AML.
2. To determine the safety of the combination regimen.
3. To study the trajectories of molecular measurable residual disease (MRD) during the therapy.
4. To evaluate the impact of baseline genomic alterations on response and survival of the combination regimen.
5. To assess the duration of response, overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) of patients.

OUTLINE:

INDUCTION:

Patients with newly diagnosed CBFβ::MYH11(+) AML receive 2 cycles of VEN/HMA as induction therapy. Venetoclax orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-28, azacitidine subcutaneously (SC) on days 1-7 or decitabine intravenously (IV) over 30-60 minutes on days 1-5.

CONSOLIDATION:

Patient fitness will be reassessed according to the Ferrara criteria if CR or CRi is achieved after 2 cycles of VEN/HMA. Fit patients will receive four cycles of consolidation therapy with high-dose cytarabine (2g/m2 every 12 hours, on days 1-3) combined with venetoclax (on days 1-7). Unfit patients will continue to receive VEN/HMA until disease progression.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 30 days and then every 3 months thereafter.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adults ≥ 18 years.
2. Newly diagnosed CBFβ::MYH11(+) AML.
3. Performance status 0-3 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Scale.
4. Subject must voluntarily sign and date an informed consent, prior to the initiation of any screening or study-specific procedures.

Ferrara's criteria are used to determine whether a patient is unfit, and a patient is deemed unfit if at least one of the following criteria is met:

1. Age>75 years.
2. There are serious underlying heart, lung, kidney, liver complications.
3. There are active infections that do not respond to anti-infective therapy.
4. There is cognitive impairment.
5. Other comorbidities that the doctor determines are not suitable for intensive chemotherapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subject has received treatment with a hypomethylating agent and/or other chemotherapeutic agents either conventional or experimental or targeted drug therapy for AML (except oral hydroxyurea and/or leukocytometry to reduce white blood cell count).
2. Pregnant or lactating women.
3. To the knowledge of the subject and investigator, subject may not be able to complete all study visits or procedures required by the study protocol, including follow-up visits, and/or be unable to comply with the required study procedures.
4. Other conditions deemed unsuitable for participation in this study by the investigator.