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The purpose of this study is to determine how consumption of a snack food at a first course affects the hedonic ratings of that snack food compared to other foods, and how it affects intake of a second course. The results will have implications for guidance about the provision of snacks for preschool children and may help in identifying strategies for the prevention of obesity in children.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Same 2nd course | Experimental | The same snack food will be served in the second course |
|
| Different 2nd course | Experimental | A different snack food will be served in the second course |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Same 2nd course | Other | The same snack food will be served in the second course |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change between interventions of snack intake by weight | Weight (grams) of food and water consumed | Study weeks 1 and 2 |
| Change between interventions of snack intake by energy | Energy (kcal) of food consumed | Study weeks 1 and 2 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change between interventions in liking of each test food | Change between interventions in liking (before to after consumption) of the 5 test foods, measured using a visual analog scale (0-100 points). | Study weeks 1 and 2 |
| Change between interventions in ranked preference of each test food from before to after consumption |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 311 Chandlee Laboratory | University Park | Pennsylvania | 16802 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41506571 | Derived | Cunningham PM, Meehan CT, Keller KL, Rolls BJ. Sensory-specific satiety and the influence of variety on snack intake in school-aged children. Appetite. 2026 May 1;220:108451. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2026.108451. Epub 2026 Jan 6. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001522 | Behavior, Animal |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Different 2nd course |
| Other |
A different snack food will be served in the second course |
|
Change in ranked preference (before to after consumption) of the 5 test foods. |
| Study weeks 1 and 2 |
| Change between interventions in fullness ratings from before to after consumption | Change in fullness ratings (before to after consumption) measured using a 4-point scale ranging from empty to full. | Study weeks 1 and 2 |