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Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of the variation in time between each heartbeat.
It is an indirect and ubiquitous biomarker of performance readiness and recovery measured by most consumer-grade wearable fitness trackers. However, there is little documented on the relationship between HRV, training load, and performance measures in the Real-World.
Whoop wrist-worn activity trackers have been validated against the gold-standard Electrocardiography (ECG) for HRV and HR measurements. Whoop leverages photoplethysmography (PPG) technology to continuously track (HR, HRV, respiratory rate, energy expenditure) and provides, daily, individual insights, trends, and coaching to improve strain, sleep, and recovery. Research has demonstrated that heart rate variability (HRV) guided training may be more optimal compared to predetermined training for aerobic exercise improvements.
The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of providing personalized training recommendations based on HRV measured by a consumer-grade wearable (Whoop) in a real-world setting to better understand the HRV relationship with performance.
The purpose of this study is to determine if Training Intensity (%HRmax in min.) during Low HRV periods acutely (below HRV baseline next day and consecutive days) and chronically (weeks below previous weeks HRV baseline) will have a negative relationship with Post-Test Performance Metrics as measured by Force Plates, which could lead to personalized training recommendations using HRV. The Investigators conducted a pilot study using Whoop devices to monitor 50 subjects for 3 months and observed that individuals had High Training Load (above their baseline) on Low HRV days (below their baseline) on over 200 days. The Investigators hypothesize seeing similar High Training Load on Low HRV days during this study and would like to understand that relationship with Performance
Primary objective: To determine if Training Intensity (%HRmax in min.) during Low HRV periods acutely (below HRV baseline next day and consecutive days) and chronically (weeks below previous weeks HRV baseline) will have a negative relationship with Post-Test Performance Metrics as measured by Force Plates.
Secondary Objective : Measure and determine if subjective journal entries (mood, anxiety, recovery, etc.) are related to HRV, RHR, Sleep Quantity, and Sleep Efficiency.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single group | Other | Healthy adults moderately trained in resistance exercises |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Force plate assessment | Other | On Day 1, Day 45 and Day 90: 3x drop jumps, 2 min rest, 3x counter movement jumps, 2 min rest, 3x dynamic push-ups |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Training Intensity | % HRmax (in minutes) measured by force plates | Change from baseline (Day 1) to mid-study (Day 45) and end of study (Day 90) |
| Performance | Reactive Strength Index in cm/s using force plates | Change from baseline (Day 1) to mid-study (Day 45) and end of study (Day 90) |
| Peak Power Output | W/kg using force plates | Change from baseline (Day 1) to mid-study (Day 45) and end of study (Day 90) |
| Jump Height | (cm) using force plates | Change from baseline (Day1) to mid-study (Day 45) and end of study (Day 90) |
| Dynamic Push Ups Peak Force | (N)) using force plates | Change from baseline (Day 1) to mid-study (Day 45) and end of study (Day 90) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Correlation of subjective measures to Heart Rate Variability (HRV) | True or False answers to Whoop app journal questions for mood, e.g., nervous, anxious, stability, motivation, energy, feeling sick or stressed, hydration, recovery, consumption of alcohol, caffeine, or melatonin | Daily for 90 days |
| Correlation of subjective measures to resting heart rate (RHR) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Corey Ungaro, PhD | PepsiCo, Inc. Sports Science | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PepsiCo R&D, Gatorade Sports Science Institute | Chicago | Illinois | 60607 | United States | ||
| PepsiCo R&D, Gatorade Sports Science Institute |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Whoop wrist band | Device | Whoop wrist worn activity tracker (not a medical device) collects continuous data via smartphone app. This is a marketed device. This is not a device study. |
|
True or False answers to Whoop app journal questions for mood, e.g., nervous, anxious, stability, motivation, energy, feeling sick or stressed, hydration, recovery, consumption of alcohol, caffeine, or melatonin |
| Daily for 90 days |
| Correlation of subjective measures to sleep quantity | True or False answers to Whoop app journal questions for mood, e.g., nervous, anxious, stability, motivation, energy, feeling sick or stressed, hydration, recovery, consumption of alcohol, caffeine, or melatonin | Daily for 90 days |
| Correlation of subjective measures to sleep efficiency | True or False answers to Whoop app journal questions for mood, e.g., nervous, anxious, stability, motivation, energy, feeling sick or stressed, hydration, recovery, consumption of alcohol, caffeine, or melatonin | Daily for 90 days |
| Frisco |
| Texas |
| 75034 |
| United States |