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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Comprehensive Cancer Centre The Netherlands | OTHER |
| University of Twente | OTHER |
| Dutch Cancer Society | OTHER |
| Borstkanker Onderzoek Groep |
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Chemotherapy induces side effects varying in severity, impacting patients' quality of life and necessitating unplanned hospital care. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) could aid in early detection and management of side effects. However, existing PRO monitoring lacks triage capabilities, leading to clinician involvement and suboptimal symptom management. The investigators propose eChemoCoach, an electronic questionnaire integrated into the electronic health portal, offering real-time symptom assessment and personalized advice based on CTCAE criteria. Our study aims to assess the impact of eChemoCoach on non-hematological CTCAE ≥ 3 graded side effects in early breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This is a randomized controlled trial involving 746 patients that will evaluate the eChemoCoach's efficacy compared to standard monitoring. Phase one will validate questionnaires and assess usability, while phase two focuses on the primary outcome. Te investigators anticipate reduced severe side effects, thereby enhancing patients' quality of life, reducing stress, and minimizing hospital visits.
Problem description: The aim of (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy is to increase survival. Therefore, treatment adherence is important. However, patients may experience treatment-related side-effects. In current practice, clinicians evaluate toxicity just a few days before the next chemotherapy is scheduled. Monitoring and timely anticipation of chemotherapy related side-effects may prevent escalation of toxicity, increase treatment adherence and reduce the decline in quality of life. Evaluating toxicity more frequently and on-demand could be a solution to reduce severe toxicity. Therefore, patients should receive a direct advice when experiencing side-effects. However, without interference of a health care professional, this is not possible in standard care.
Solution / research direction: There is increasing evidence that incorporating patient reported outcomes (PROs) in clinical care enhances symptom monitoring in cancer patients. Therefore, it is desirable to develop and investigate an electronic smart-phrased side-effects questionnaire which: 1) delivers a real-time personalized advice to the patient, based on CTCAE grading, after the questionnaire is completed and 2) is accessible for patients using an electronic health portal (EHP) of the electronic health record (EHR) to integrate the PRO data into the EHR.
Aim / hypothesis: To investigate the effect of adding weekly EHP-mediated monitoring of chemotherapy related side-effects based on CTCAE grading using smart-phrased electronic PRO side-effects questionnaires to standard of care monitoring of side-effects, on the occurrence of CTCAE >= grade 3 toxicity.
Plan of investigation: To conduct a pilot study to validate the smart-phrased ePRO side-effects questionnaire. Thereafter, a multicenter clinical randomized trial will start where patients with breast cancer qualifying for (neo)adjuvant chemo(immune)therapy will be randomized to real-time EHP-mediated monitoring of side-effects using a novel smart-phrased ePRO side-effects questionnaire in addition to standard of care monitoring, or to standard of care monitoring solely. Primary objective is the overall rate of CTC grade >=3 non hematological toxicity between both arms. Secondary objectives include relative dose intensity, health-related quality of life, experienced distress, the number of unplanned health care usage and costs.
Expected outcome: The investigators hypothesize that adding weekly EHP-mediated monitoring of side-effects using ePRO side-effects questionnaires will significantly lower the occurrence rate of CTCAE grade >=3 non-hematological toxicities.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| eChemoCoach Group | Experimental | Patients assigned to the intervention arm fill in the eChemoCoach questionnaires. They will be asked to report their side effects at baseline (2 - 4 days before their first chemotherapy cycle) and weekly thereafter. Moreover, they can report their symptoms at any time in case of potential toxicity, with a maximum of once a day. Non-responders receive reminders. Both intervention and control groups receive standard monitoring and coaching, including pre-scheduled checks for side effects before chemotherapy. Patients in both groups are asked to complete questionnaires measuring the impact on HRQoL, anxiety, distress, and patient empowerment at baseline, 10 weeks, and 20 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation. Usability of the eChemoCoach will be assessed through an online survey for patients and healthcare professionals using the System Usability Scale |
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| Control group | No Intervention | Patients in the control group receive standard of care. Both intervention and control groups receive standard monitoring and coaching, including pre-scheduled checks for side effects before chemotherapy. Patients in both groups are asked to complete questionnaires measuring the impact on HRQoL, anxiety, distress, and patient empowerment at baseline, 10 weeks, and 20 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eChemoCoach | Other | the eChemoCoach is an electronic questionnaire which is accessible for patients via the secured electronic health portal (EHP) of the EHR, which is CE-certified. By utilizing the eChemoCoach, patients (for this project we focus on breast cancer patients) have the ability to complete a questionnaire on a daily basis, when experiencing side effects. The eChemoCoach has the potential to evaluate the severity of adverse effects based on the CTCAE criteria and triage them, mimicking the decision-making process of a HCP through computer adaptive testing (CAT). Upon completing the questionnaire, the eChemoCoach translates the responses for each specific side effect into corresponding CTCAE grades. The tool then promptly offers patients personalized advice, tailored to their individual condition. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The occurrence of any non-hematological side effects grade ≥3 | The occurrence of any non-hematological side effects grade ≥3 during neo-adjuvant or adjuvant treatment | Up to 30 weeks after start chemotherapy |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Toxicity patterns | Time to occurrence of both grade 2 and grade ≥3 toxicity will be analyzed with a Kaplan-Meier curves. Occurrence of grade 2 side effects during (neo)adjuvant will be presented as numbers with percentages for patients in both study groups. | Up to 30 weeks after start chemotherapy |
| Relative dose intensity (RDI) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
- Starting (neo)adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy for breast cancer according to one of the below mentioned treatment protocols:
Age ≥ 18 years
WHO PS ≤1
Capable of using the EHP or get help in case of low (e-)health literacy. This includes being capable of login using DigiD, a system used by the Dutch government to verify the identity of a person
Being able to read or get help from a relative in case of illiteracy
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manon Hanrath-Komen, PhD | Contact | 0031 72 5482872 | m.m.c.komen@nwz.nl | |
| Rubin Verduin, drs | Contact | 0625289930 | rjt.verduin@nwz.nl |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41888754 | Derived | Verduin RJT, van den Hurk CJG, van Maurik IS, Nota NM, van Leeuwen-Stok AE, Komen MMC, Jager A, Drossaert CHC, Siesling S, Hendriks MP. Interactive symptom monitoring and coaching to optimise toxicity management of chemo(immune)therapy in early stage breast cancer: study protocol of the multicentre randomised controlled eChemoCoach trial. BMC Cancer. 2026 Mar 26;26(1):571. doi: 10.1186/s12885-026-15905-7. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
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| NETWORK |
A clinical randomized controlled trial will be performed in 746 breast cancer patients treated with (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients will be randomized to the intervention group, using the eChemoCoach in addition to standard of care monitoring to manage side effects or are randomized to solely standard of care monitoring.
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This is a open label study since blinding is not possible as healthcare professionals will receive the CTC gradation based on the reported side effects in the intervention group and are obligated to act on these reports.
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For analyzing the RDI, the RDI will be calculated for each chemotherapeutic agent and presented as mean with standard deviations (SD) (for a description of calculation of the RDI see the objective section paragraph 2.0). The RDI will be calculated per cycle. The RDI will be compared between the intervention and the control group. |
| Up to 30 weeks after start chemotherapy |
| HRQOL | Health-related quality of life measured by the Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30s). Scale is ranging from 1 to 4. 1 = not at all, 4 = very much. Higher scores mean a worse QOL. | on baseline, 10 and 20 weeks after start of chemotherapy |
| Patient experienced anxiety | Patient experienced anxiety measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Scale is ranging from 0 to 3. 0 = often, 3 = never. Higher scores means a less worse Hads score. | on baseline, 10 and 20 weeks after start of chemotherapy |
| Patient empowerment | Patient empowerment using Patient Activation Measure (PAM13) questionnaire. Ranging from 0 to 3. 0 = I do not agree, 3= I totally agree. A lower score is worse. | on baseline, 10 and 20 weeks after start of chemotherapy |
| Patient experienced stress | Patient experienced stress using a distress thermometer. Ranging from 0 to 10 per problem. 0 = no problem, 10 = worst. A higher score means more stress. | on baseline, 10 and 20 weeks after start of chemotherapy |
| Unplanned Care | The amount of unplanned hospital care will be presented as median (IQR) and will be analyzed by comparing the number of admissions, unplanned visits, days of hospital admissions between the intervention and control group using Poisson regression analysis. | Up to 30 weeks after start chemotherapy |
| Validation of eChemoCoach questionnaires | Cognitive interviews will be analyzed with thematic content analysis. Agreement between professional triage estimations and eChemoCoach will be quantified using Cohen's Kappa coefficient. A semi qualitative assessment will be conducted, comparing the patient-reported adverse effects using eChemoCoach with medical professionals' CTCAE severity assessments. Interviews will be analyzed with thematic content analysis. | During the first year of the study |
| Usability | The System Usability Scale will be used for global assessment of the eChemoCoach. usability. Usability will also be assessed by healthcare professionals from participating. sites. The SUS is a 10 item questionnaire with 5 response options. Ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The average SUS score from all 500 studies is a 68. A SUS score above a 68 would be considered above average and anything below 68 is below average. | After inclusion of all intervention patients |
| Agreement eChemoCoach-reported grades and those reported by PRO-CTCAE, HCPs, and the Dutch translation of CTCAE | To assess the concordance among eChemoCoach-reported grades, PRO-CTCAE, and CTCAEs graded by healthcare professionals (HCPs), we employ the eChemoCoach platform for patient experienced symptom data collection. Each questionnaire administered includes the eChemoCoach and the PRO-CTCAE questionnaire, facilitating immediate and direct comparison of both outcomes. HCPs will document symptom grading in patient files using standardized CTCAE forms. HCPs will grade the severity on pre-planned checks (standard of care) and when necessary in case of severe side effects. | Up to 30 weeks after start chemotherapy |
| D017437 |
| Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |