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Low back pain is an important health problem that is common worldwide, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 80%.
Low back pain that lasts less than 6 weeks is called acute low back pain, if it continues for 6-12 weeks it is called subacute low back pain, and if it continues for more than 12 weeks it is called chronic low back pain. The majority of low back pain (97%) is of mechanical origin.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| kinesiotape application | Experimental |
| |
| foam roller application | Active Comparator |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| kinesiotape application | Other | The strips used for kinesiological taping can be applied by giving different shapes. These shapes are I, Y, X, ring (donut), rake and net |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pressure Pain Measurement with Algometer | The algometer, an effective way of measuring pressure pain threshold (PPT), is used to measure soft tissue pain associated with trigger points. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is the most commonly used general measure in clinical and research settings to assess sleep quality and quantity. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) consists of a total of 19 questions and 7 components to assess sleep quality during the last month. The total score had a value between 0-21 Schober Flexibility Test With the patient standing, the examiner marks the spinous process of the first sacral vertebra and 10 cm above this point. The patient is then asked to flex forwards as if trying to touch their toes while keeping their knees straight. If the distance between the two points does not increase by at least 5 cm, this is considered a sign of restriction in lumbar flexion. | 6 weeks |
| Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale | The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is the most commonly used general measure in clinical and research settings to assess sleep quality and quantity. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) consists of a total of 19 questions and 7 components to assess sleep quality during the last month. The total score had a value between 0-21 | 6 weeks |
| Schober Flexibility Test | With the patient standing, the examiner marks the spinous process of the first sacral vertebra and 10 cm above this point. The patient is then asked to flex forwards as if trying to touch their toes while keeping their knees straight. If the distance between the two points does not increase by at least 5 cm, this is considered a sign of restriction in lumbar flexion. | 6 weeks |
| The finger-to-floor distance | The finger-to-floor distance test is a test that measures specific physical disability. This test is performed with the person standing upright with feet together. The patient is asked to lean as far forward as possible with knees, arms and fingers fully extended. The vertical distance between the tip of the middle finger and the floor is measured with a flexible tape measure. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazal GENÇ | Istanbul | None Selected | 34353 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017116 | Low Back Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001416 | Back Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| foam roller application | Other | In the foam roller group, "Actifoam" brand non-serrated foam rollers with a size of "15x90" cm were used. |
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| 6 weeks |
| Tampa Kinesiophobia Fatigue Scale | The Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale measures fear of movement and fear of (re)injury during movement. High fear of movement and/or (re)injury, as measured by the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale, has been found to be associated with poor performance on a number of physical tests. The minimum and maximum values of the Tampa Kinesiophobia Fatigue Scale are between 17 and 68. The total score range of this scale is between 0 and 68. | 6 weeks |
| Oswestry Scale | The Oswestry Disability Index, first introduced by Fairbank et al. in 1980, is considered close to the gold standard for measuring the severity of disability due to low back pain. The Oswestry scale is a self-administered, free, easy-to-use and easy-to-score questionnaire containing 10 questions on different functional domains. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is a widely used tool to assess disability related to low back pain. It consists of 10 sections addressing various daily activities, each scored on a scale of 0 to 5. The minimum score is 0, indicating no disability, while the maximum score is 50, indicating severe disability. | 6 weeks |
| D013568 |
| Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |