Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of different IMT protocols on respiratory muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, quadriceps femoris muscle strength (QMS), handgrip muscle strength (HGS), QoL, respiratory function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and PA levels in patients with CKD that were not on dialysis.
Peripheral and respiratory muscle weakness has been reported in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Management of respiratory muscle weakness is crucial, as reduced functional performance is related to respiratory muscle weakness.
Different IMT function protocols with 30-70% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) have been found to improve these in patients with CKD. The most efficient IMT intensity for patients with CKD is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of different IMT protocols on respiratory muscle strength, functional exercise capacity, quadriceps femoris muscle strength (QMS), handgrip muscle strength (HGS), QoL, respiratory function, dyspnoea, fatigue, balance, and PA levels in patients with CKD that were not on dialysis.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Experimental | Group 1 will receive inspiratory muscle training (IMT) using threshold loading device (POWERbreathe Classic, IMT Technologies Ltd. Birmingham, England) at 10% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The MIP will be measured at supervised session each week, and 10% of measured MIP value will be the new training workload. The treatment group will train for 30 min-per/day, 7 days/week, for 8 weeks. Six sessions at home and 1 session will be performed at department. |
|
| Low intensity inspiratory muscle training group | Experimental | Group 2 will receive inspiratory muscle training (IMT) using threshold loading device (POWERbreathe Classic, IMT Technologies Ltd. Birmingham, England) at 30% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The MIP will be measured at supervised session each week, and 30% of measured MIP value will be the new training workload. The treatment group will train for 30 min-per/day, 7 days/week, for 8 weeks. Six sessions at home and 1 session will be performed at department. |
|
| High intensity inspiratory muscle training group | Experimental | Group 3 will receive inspiratory muscle training (IMT) using threshold loading device (POWERbreathe Classic, IMT Technologies Ltd. Birmingham, England) at 60% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The MIP will be measured at supervised session each week, and 60% of measured MIP value will be the new training workload. The treatment group will train for 30 min-per/day, 7 days/week, for 8 weeks. Six sessions at home and 1 session will be performed at department. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory muscle training | Other | IMT will be conducted using a pressure threshold-loading device (POWERbreathe® Classic Low Resistance). The groups will train for 30 min-per/day, 7 days/week, for 8 weeks. Six sessions at home and 1 session will be performed at department. physiotherapist |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory muscle strength | A mouth pressure device will be used to evaluate IMS. | First day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Functional exercise capacity | Functional exercise capacity will be evaluated with 6 minutes working test. Test will be performed in an enclosed 30-m corridor. The patients walk as fast as they could within 6 min. | First day |
| Peripheral muscle strength |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nihan Katayıfçı | Mustafa Kemal University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatay Mustafa Kemal University | Hatay | 31001 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27383068 | Background | Hill NR, Fatoba ST, Oke JL, Hirst JA, O'Callaghan CA, Lasserson DS, Hobbs FD. Global Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2016 Jul 6;11(7):e0158765. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158765. eCollection 2016. | |
| 23560491 | Background | de Lima MC, Cicotoste Cde L, Cardoso Kda S, Forgiarini LA Jr, Monteiro MB, Dias AS. Effect of exercise performed during hemodialysis: strength versus aerobic. Ren Fail. 2013;35(5):697-704. doi: 10.3109/0886022X.2013.780977. Epub 2013 Apr 8. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051436 | Renal Insufficiency, Chronic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051437 | Renal Insufficiency |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
Patients will be randomized to the following groups: Group 1 (10% MIP), Group 2 (30% MIP), or Group 3 (60% MIP).
Not provided
Not provided
The patients will be not informed about their groups and they will be evaluated and trained at different places and times
|
A hand-held dynamometer will be used to measure peripheral muscle strength. The measurements will be repeated three times, and the highest value will be used for comparison. |
| First day |
| Expiratory muscle strength | A mouth pressure device will be used to evaluate EMS. | First day |
| Pulmonary functions FEV1 | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. | First day |
| Pulmonary functions FVC | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. | First day |
| Pulmonary functions FEV1/FVC | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. | First day |
| Pulmonary functions PEF | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. | First day |
| Pulmonary functions FEF25-75% | Spirometry will be used to assess pulmonary function. | First day |
| Dyspnoea | Dyspnoea will be measured using the Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) dyspnoea scale. Levels of dyspnea are graded 0-4. | First day |
| Fatigue | Fatigue will be assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The total score ranges from 0 to 7. | First day |
| Quality of life assessment | The Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire will be used to assess QoL and includes both physical and mental components. The scores range from 0 to 100. | First day |
| Physical activity | Physical activity will be assesed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form, which includes questions on sitting duration, walking activity, and moderate and vigorous activities.The IPAQ is categorized as inactive (<600 MET-min/week), minimally active (600-3000 MET-min/week), and sufficiently active (>3000 MET-min/week) based on total scores. | First day |
| Balance | Balance will be evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The scale includes 14 items scoring 0 to 4. Higher scores indicate better balance. | First day |
| 28433237 | Background | de Medeiros AIC, Fuzari HKB, Rattesa C, Brandao DC, de Melo Marinho PE. Inspiratory muscle training improves respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. J Physiother. 2017 Apr;63(2):76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2017.02.016. Epub 2017 Mar 14. |
| 36325749 | Background | Zhang F, Wang H, Bai Y, Huang L, Zhang H. Effect of respiratory muscle training in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil. 2023 Mar;37(3):348-361. doi: 10.1177/02692155221135729. Epub 2022 Nov 3. |
| 38811888 | Derived | Katayifci N, Huzmeli I, Iri S D, Turgut FH. Effects of different inspiratory muscle training protocols on functional exercise capacity and respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized study. BMC Nephrol. 2024 May 29;25(1):184. doi: 10.1186/s12882-024-03610-1. |
| D005261 |
| Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |