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The goal of this observational study is to observe baropodometric parameters such as postural sway and foot pressure distrubiton in healthy young participants between the ages of 18-35. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants will:
During our daily lives, the individuals perform many functions simultaneously. Two devices that modern technology has brought us are headphones and mobile phones, both of which are commonly used. Studies have shown that posture oscillation changes during walking while using a phone, but same studies also stated that more comprehensive studies are needed. There is no study in the literature that examines postural oscillation and foot pressure distribution while listening to music with headphones and messaging. The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the postural oscillation and foot pressure distribution during headphone use and messaging in healthy participants aged 18-35. The sample size of 35 participants was determined based on a similar study example using G-Power analysis. Participants will be assesed at Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation. Participants will be selected based on eligibility criteria, and there will be only one group in the study; therefore, randomization will not be performed. Participants enrolled in the study will be evaluated using the FreeMED force platform (Sensor Medica, Italy). The platform itself is 40x40 cm in size and comes with two plates, each one meter long. When all components are assembled, a continuous surface of 2.4 meters is obtained. Participants will participate in static, posturographic, and dynamic evaluations. In each evaluation, participants will first stand still, then put on headphones and listen to music at 80 decibels with a tempo of 130 bpm, then type a message, and finally type a message while listening to music. Static evaluation will provide information about foot pressure distribution; posturographic evaluation will include Romberg tests with eyes open, eyes closed, standing on one foot, and standing on two feet; and dynamic evaluation will assess participants' walking phases and speed. The statistical analysis of the study will be performed using SPSS 23.0 software.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Headphone and Smartphone Usage Group | The group where participants listen to music while messaging and also where these activities are evaluated separately. The only group in the study. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Headphone and Smartphone Intervention | Other | Asessment of participants' static balance and pressure distrubiton, posturographic balance and dynamic balance whilst using headphones and messaging. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Baropodometer assessments- Static pressure distribution | Pressure distribution will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be percentages. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Baropodometer assessments- Posturographic center of gravity | Center of gravity will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Baropodometer assessments- Posturographic oscillations | Oscillations will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Baropodometer assesments - Posturographic Sway Length | It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Baropodometer assesments - Posturographic Displacement Towards X and Y axis | It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Baropodometer assessments- Posturographic average sway velocity | Sway velocity will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be degrees. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Forward Head Posture | It will be assessed with a digital inclinometer, the measurement unit will be in degrees. | At Baseline |
| New York Posture Assesment | This form will assess participants' postural alignment. Total scores range from 13 to 65, with results categorized as: 'excellent' (above 45), 'good' (40-44), 'fair' (30-39), 'poor' (20-29), and 'very poor'. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Healthy young people who are volunteering to participate the study.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hatice Cetin | Hacettepe University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatice Cetin | Ankara | 06800 | Turkey (Türkiye) | |||
| Hacettepe University |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000082424 | Internet Addiction Disorder |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000088942 | Technology Addiction |
| D016739 | Behavior, Addictive |
| D003192 | Compulsive Behavior |
| D007175 | Impulsive Behavior |
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| Baropodometer assessments- Dynamic average surface | Average surface will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be cm. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Baropodometer assessments- Dynamic average speed | It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters/second. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Baropodometer assesments - Dynamic Gait Phase Durations | It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be percentages | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Feet Loading Pattern - Dynamic Longitudinal Arc | It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and will be used to asses the feet loading pattern. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Feet Loading Pattern - Forefoot Reatfoot Load | It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and will be used to asses the feet loading pattern. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| Feet Loading Pattern - Medial Lateral Load | It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and will be used to asses the feet loading pattern. | through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes |
| At Baseline |
| International Physical Activity Questionnaire | This form will assess participants' physical fitness and well-being. Based on MET minutes per week, the results are categorized into three activity levels: inactive, minimally active and very active. | At Baseline |
| The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory | The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory is a 20-item self-report measure to monitor how often individuals engaged in cognitive behavioural thought challenging interventions. The total score ranges between 20 and 140, where higher scores indicate more cognitive flexibility. | At Baseline |
| Ankara |
| Turkey (Türkiye) |
| D001519 |
| Behavior |