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Drug allergy is often under-recognized, yet over- (mistakenly) diagnosed, especially in Hong Kong. There is also a dire shortage of allergy specialists and facilities to tackle the overwhelming drug allergy pandemic. Fortunately, when trained, non-specialist physicians and nurses have demonstrated comparable capabilities in drug allergy evaluation compared to specialists. To potentially promote and propagate the role of non-specialist physicians and nurses toward drug allergy care, the investigators propose a study to investigate the impact of an intensive and focused drug allergy educational course conducted at the University of Hong Kong.
Two identical didactic courses on drug allergy were designed. Each course will last 12 hours and conducted over 2 consecutive days (6 hours each day). All candidates will attend physically and on-site. Various aspects of drug allergy with pre-set learning objectives will be taught in-person by instructors (physicians or nurses specializing in drug allergy nominated by the University of Hong Kong). Course materials and instructors will be identical for each course.
Aims of the study Primary objective
Secondary objectives
Hypothesis The investigators hypothesize that candidates (practicing physicians and nurses) of the drug allergy course will gain knowledge on drug allergy, which in turn will influence and change their clinical practice.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Experimental | wo identical didactic courses on drug allergy will be delivered. Changes in knowledge and clinical practice will be measured by serial practice questionnaires and knowledge quizzes conducted before and after the course. Group 1 will undergo the course first. |
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| Control group | Active Comparator | Group 2 will undergo an identical course one month later. By comparing any changes in knowledge or practice between groups, this ensures that any changes in knowledge or practice were solely due to the course and not other external factors. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug allergy training program | Other | Two identical didactic courses on drug allergy were designed. Each course will last 12 hours and conducted over 2 consecutive days (6 hours each day). All candidates will attend physically and on-site. Various aspects of drug allergy with pre-set learning objectives will be taught in-person by instructors (physicians or nurses specializing in drug allergy nominated by the University of Hong Kong). Course materials and instructors will be identical for each course. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in knowledge of drug allergy as measured by the validated drug allergy questionnaire | Knowledge includes mechanism, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of drug allergy. A binary variable scale were used to ascertain level of the knowledge (from 0 to 1: 0, wrong; 1, right). Answers formats consisted of 4-choice questions (total 14 questions). | After the 2-day training course |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hei Li, MBBS | Contact | 2255 5995 | liphilip@hku.hk |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Biomedical Science | Hong Kong | 000 | Hong Kong |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41558734 | Derived | Mak HWF, Meng J, Chung FKL, Lee JTY, Aberathna IS, Amarasekara U, Ranasinghe TND, Jayamali J, Yang Q, Zhou M, Chen L, Huang JX, Shi W, Kulkarni R, Peter JG, Trubiano JA, Jeewandara KC, Lucas M, Li PH. Bridging Global Disparities in Drug Allergy Through AI-Assisted Training for Non-Specialists: Findings From the Multinational ADAPT-2 Course. Clin Exp Allergy. 2026 Feb;56(2):137-146. doi: 10.1111/cea.70213. Epub 2026 Jan 20. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004342 | Drug Hypersensitivity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D064420 | Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions |
| D064419 | Chemically-Induced Disorders |
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