The MDS-UPDRS IV questionnaire assesses the severity of two motor complications in patients: dyskinesias and motor fluctuations, combined with previously known and objective information. It includes 6 items with a total score of 24 points. Higher scores indicate worse symptoms.

H-Y scale is a standardized instrument used to evaluate the severity of Parkinson's disease. It employs a scoring system that ranges from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater severity of clinical symptoms and a corresponding decline in quality of life. The assessment criteria primarily consider the number of limbs affected, the presence of balance disturbances, and the extent of functional impairment in daily living activities. This scale is valued for its simplicity and practicality, making it a prevalent tool in clinical trials for evaluating Parkinson's disease symptoms.

TUG measures in seconds how long it takes the subject to rise from the chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down. The test is often used to assess walking and balance in older adults. This also applies to evaluating the severity of walking and balance symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.

The 20-meter walking test measured the time it took for the subject to turn, continue to walk to the original place and turn back after walking from the upright position for 10m in seconds, and recorded the total number of steps. The test is also used to assess walking and balance in people with Parkinson's disease, but the distance is longer and more stable. Both tests were recorded on video with the patient's consent.

NMSS is a validated assessment tool for non-motor symptoms in patients with PD. The scale consists of nine domains, each carrying a separate domain score, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms for that domain. The score for each domain is derived by multiplying the severity and frequency ratings on a scale of 0-4. The total NMSS score is the sum of the nine field scores.

PDQ-39 is a self-rating scale for clinical evaluation of the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease, which consists of 8 dimensions and 39 items. The rating ranges from 0 to 4. The PDQ-39 total score is the sum of the 39 project scores.

HAMD-17 is commonly used in clinical trials to assess the severity of depression and is the gold standard for diagnosing depression. The scale was used to assess the depressive symptoms of patients through conversation and observation by uniformly trained evaluators, including 17 items, scoring on a 0-4 scale. If the total score is <7, there is no depression; A score between 7 and 17 indicates mild depression. A score between 18 and 24 indicates moderate depression; If the total score is more than 24, it indicates major depression.

HAMA is a tool commonly used to diagnose anxiety disorders. The evaluators with standardized training evaluated the anxiety symptoms of the patients by way of conversation and observation, which were mainly divided into physical anxiety and mental anxiety, with a total of 14 sub-items, the score range was 0-4, and the sum of the scores of each sub-item was the total score of the scale. If the total score is more than 29, it may be severe anxiety; Over 21 points, there must be significant anxiety; If more than 14 points, definitely have anxiety; More than 7 points, may have anxiety; Less than 7, no anxiety.

PSQI was used to evaluate the sleep quality of patients with sleep disorders and general people in the past month. The scale consists of 4 fill-in-the-blank questions and 5 multiple choice questions, and the fifth multiple choice question includes 10 multiple choice questions, for a total of 18 questions. The questions assessed patients' sleep quality from seven factors, including: subjective sleep quality, time to fall asleep, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disorders, hypnotic medications, and daytime function. The total score of the scale is the sum of the 7 factor scores. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality.

MMSE is a widely utilized assessment tool in both clinical practice and scientific research for the evaluation of cognitive function and mental status. This scale measures several cognitive domains, including orientation, attention and calculation, delayed recall, verbal function, and visual-spatial abilities. The total score on the MMSE ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive performance. Typically, a score below 24 is indicative of potential cognitive impairment.

CGI is used to evaluate the clinical treatment effect and is conducted by uniformly trained evaluators. The scale consists of three parts: severity of illness (SI), global improvement (GI) and efficacy index (EI). When evaluating SI, it is necessary to evaluate the severity of the patient's disease according to the relevant experience of patients with the same diagnosis in the past. When evaluating GI, the evaluator should compare the current condition of the patient with that at the time of enrollment to evaluate the treatment effect of the patient. Both SI and GI are evaluated on a scale of 0-7. Evaluation of EI includes two aspects, namely efficacy and side effects caused by treatment. Both were rated on a scale of 1-4. EI= efficacy score/side effect score. This scale integrates the severity of the patient's disease and the effect of treatment, which is helpful for following up the patient's condition changes.