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Tracking down the difficulties in metaphor comprehension experienced by individuals with schizophrenia across different metaphor types and exploring the neurological correlates via EEG recording technique
The investigators will address the following objectives:
The investigators will enroll 32 schizophrenic patients and 32 healthy subjects as control sample.
Participants will undergo an initial visit with a specialist psychiatrist who will verify that their conditions meet the criteria required by the study. Then, subjects will be tested for metaphor comprehension, as well as for the other variables included in the study, and the electrical brain activity will be registered through a 128 channel EEG.
In the check-up visits (i.e., after the training) the following data will be collected:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schizophrenia group | We will enroll 32 patients selected according to the presence of Schizophrenia diagnosis (DSM V criteria), which will be tested for metaphor comprehension, as well as for the other variables included in the study, and the electrical brain activity will be registered through a 128 channel EEG. Patients will be assigned either to a rehabilitative training (PragmaCom), or to a standard rehabilitative program to test if the altered neurophysiological patterns associated to the fragility of metaphor comprehension in schizophrenia can be restored. |
| |
| Healthy controls group | 32 healthy subjects, as control sample, that will be tested for metaphor comprehension, as well as for the other variables included in the study, and the electrical brain activity will be registered through a 128 channel EEG. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PragmaCom | Behavioral | Cognitive behavioral intervention targeting the ability to understand metaphors |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Tracking down the difficulties in metaphor comprehension via a behavioural task | Tracking down the difficulties in metaphor comprehension experienced by individuals with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls across different metaphor types through the Physical and mental metaphor task (PMM) (range values 0-28, higher scores mean a better outcome). | through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Tracking down the difficulties in metaphor comprehension via task during electrophysiological recording | Exploring the difference in the neurological correlates (via electrophysiological recording technique) between patients and controls. Electrophysiological indexes that will be evaluated are event-related potential after the stimulus presentation. | through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of psychopathology | Evaluate psychopathology with the Positive and Negative Syndrome scale (PANSS) (range values 30-210, higher scores mean a worse outcome). | through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Evaluation of cognition |
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Inclusion Criteria:
For patients:
For healthy controls:
Exclusion Criteria:
For patients:
For healthy controls:
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32 Schizophrenic patients and 32 healthy controls
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mart Bosia, MD, PhD | Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRCCS San Raffaele | Milan | Italy | 20100 | Italy |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35526293 | Background | Bambini V, Agostoni G, Buonocore M, Tonini E, Bechi M, Ferri I, Sapienza J, Martini F, Cuoco F, Cocchi F, Bischetti L, Cavallaro R, Bosia M. It is time to address language disorders in schizophrenia: A RCT on the efficacy of a novel training targeting the pragmatics of communication (PragmaCom). J Commun Disord. 2022 May-Jun;97:106196. doi: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2022.106196. Epub 2022 Feb 2. | |
| 17079014 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012559 | Schizophrenia |
| D011618 | Psychotic Disorders |
| D007802 | Language |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019967 | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D003142 | Communication |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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Evaluate cognition in schizophrenia with the Brief assessement of cognition in schizophrenia (BACS) (range total score 0-1, higher scores mean a better outcome).
| through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Evaluation of Theory of Mind | Evaluate Theory of Mind with the Picture sequencing task (PST) (range score 0-56, higher scores mean a better outcome). | through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Evaluation of functioning | Evaluate functioning, with the Quality of life scale (QLS) (range score 0-126, higher scores mean a better outcome). | through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Evaluate the efficacy of a rehabilitative training in restoring metaphor comprehension ability | Test te improvement of metaphor comprehension, evaluated with the Physical and mental metaphor task (PMM) (range values 0-28, higher scores mean a better outcome). | through study completion, an average of 2 years |
| Background |
| Thoma P, Daum I. Neurocognitive mechanisms of figurative language processing--evidence from clinical dysfunctions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2006;30(8):1182-205. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.09.001. Epub 2006 Oct 31. |
| 11559481 | Background | Harvey PD, Bowie CR, Friedman JI. Cognition in schizophrenia. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2001 Oct;3(5):423-8. doi: 10.1007/s11920-996-0038-7. |
| 29867648 | Background | Rossetti I, Brambilla P, Papagno C. Metaphor Comprehension in Schizophrenic Patients. Front Psychol. 2018 May 9;9:670. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00670. eCollection 2018. |
| 29354082 | Background | Rapp AM, Felsenheimer AK, Langohr K, Klupp M. The Comprehension of Familiar and Novel Metaphoric Meanings in Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study. Front Psychol. 2018 Jan 5;8:2251. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02251. eCollection 2017. |
| 31923528 | Background | Bambini V, Arcara G, Bosinelli F, Buonocore M, Bechi M, Cavallaro R, Bosia M. A leopard cannot change its spots: A novel pragmatic account of concretism in schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia. 2020 Mar 2;139:107332. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107332. Epub 2020 Jan 7. |
| 24556517 | Background | Mossaheb N, Aschauer HN, Stoettner S, Schmoeger M, Pils N, Raab M, Willinger U. Comprehension of metaphors in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Compr Psychiatry. 2014 May;55(4):928-37. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.12.021. Epub 2014 Jan 14. |
| 27199799 | Background | Bambini V, Bertini C, Schaeken W, Stella A, Di Russo F. Disentangling Metaphor from Context: An ERP Study. Front Psychol. 2016 May 3;7:559. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00559. eCollection 2016. |
| 20307557 | Background | De Grauwe S, Swain A, Holcomb PJ, Ditman T, Kuperberg GR. Electrophysiological insights into the processing of nominal metaphors. Neuropsychologia. 2010 Jun;48(7):1965-84. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.03.017. Epub 2010 Mar 20. |
| 16008767 | Background | Iakimova G, Passerieux C, Laurent JP, Hardy-Bayle MC. ERPs of metaphoric, literal, and incongruous semantic processing in schizophrenia. Psychophysiology. 2005 Jul;42(4):380-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2005.00303.x. |
| 33973137 | Background | Adamczyk P, Jani M, Ligeza TS, Plonka O, Bladzinski P, Wyczesany M. On the Role of Bilateral Brain Hypofunction and Abnormal Lateralization of Cortical Information Flow as Neural Underpinnings of Conventional Metaphor Processing Impairment in Schizophrenia: An fMRI and EEG Study. Brain Topogr. 2021 Jul;34(4):537-554. doi: 10.1007/s10548-021-00849-x. Epub 2021 May 10. |
| 33137591 | Background | Bambini V, Tonini E, Ceccato I, Lecce S, Marocchini E, Cavallini E. How to improve social communication in aging: Pragmatic and cognitive interventions. Brain Lang. 2020 Dec;211:104864. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104864. Epub 2020 Nov 1. |